Cast Iron H

Spheroidal Graphite Cast Iron and Alloy Cast Iron

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Cast Iron

Spheroidal Graphite
Cast Iron Alloy Cast Iron

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Cast Iron H
Spheroidal Graphite Cast Iron and Alloy Cast Iron

Structure of Spheroidal Graphite Cast Iron

• Spheroidal cast iron is frequently referred to as
ductile cast iron. They represent a recent addition
to the cast iron family.

• Spheroidal cast iron contains carbon mainly in the

form of spheroidal graphite particles.

• Spheroidal graphite is in the cast state and

Figure 1: Microstructure of spheroidal
characterizes the material properties of graphite cast iron
spheroidal cast iron.

• The formation of nodules is achieved by adding

nodulizing elements.

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Cast Iron H
Spheroidal Graphite Cast Iron and Alloy Cast Iron

Composition of Spheroidal Graphite Cast Iron

• Spheroidal graphite cast iron has high tensile strength and elongation at
fracture.

• The chemical composition of spheroidal graphite cast iron is as follows:

• Iron
• Carbon (C) – 3.3 to 3.4%
• Silicon (Si) – 2.2 to 2.8%
• Manganese (Mn) – 0.1 to 0.5%
• Magnesium (Mg) – 0.03 to 0.05%
• Phosphorus (P) – 0.005 to 0.04%
• Sulfur (S) – 0.005 to 0.02%

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Cast Iron H
Spheroidal Graphite Cast Iron and Alloy Cast Iron

Properties of Spheroidal Graphite Cast Iron

• Hard, with good wear resistance and good corrosion resistance.

• High tensile and yield strengths that vary widely across various grades.

• Compressive strengths can be utilised more widely than tensile strengths, with
values tending to be about twice the tensile strength.

• Impact strengths are better than gray iron, with lower grades approaching
values common for mild steel.

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Cast Iron H
Spheroidal Graphite Cast Iron and Alloy Cast Iron

Structure and Composition of Alloy Cast Iron

• Alloy cast iron is a casting alloy based on the Fe-C-Si system that contains one
or more alloying elements.

• These alloying elements are added to alloy cast iron to increase strength and
facilitate heat treatment.

• Some of the alloying elements are nickel, chromium, copper or molybdenum.

• Addition of ferrosilicon, cerium or magnesium in a small amount will

determine the size, shape and distribution of graphite particles.

• The structure of graphite in alloy cast iron can be lamellar or nodular,

depending on the chemical composition.

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Cast Iron H
Spheroidal Graphite Cast Iron and Alloy Cast Iron

Properties of Alloy Cast Iron

• Alloy cast iron has special properties such as
• Increased strength
• High wear resistance
• Corrosion resistance
• Heat resistance

• Alloy cast iron is extensively used for

• Automobile parts such as, cylinders, pistons, crank cases, brakes drums
• Parts of crushing and grinding machinery

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