Sos community Nursing sch

ool
• Welcome to our presentation

• Subject :Dermatology
• Facilitator: ustad Hamdi A Hussein

• Title: chickenpox
• Class :019
• Group 3
 Group members
• Mohamed Nor Ahmed
• yusuf Abdullahi Abdulle
• Fuad mohamed Abukar
• fatima Abdikadir Hassan
• Ramlo Ahmed Mohamed
• Naima Ahmed Elmi
• Hamdi Abdi Muhumed
• Naima Elmi Horrow
• Anisa Khalif Elmi
 Contents
Deffinition

Causes

Signs and symptoms

Risk factors

Diagnosis

Treatments

Prevention

Complication
 deffinition

Chickenpox is a highly contagious disease caused by

the varicella-zoster virus (VZV). It can cause an itchy,
blister-like rash. The rash appears first on the chest, b
ack, and face, and then spreads over the entire body.
 Causes
What causes chickenpox?
Varicella-zoster virus (VZV) causes the chickenpox infe
ction. Most cases occur through contact with an infec
ted person. The virus is contagious to those around y
ou for one to two days before your blisters appear. VZ
V remains contagious until all blisters have crusted ov
er. The virus can spread through:
saliva
coughing
sneezing
• contact with fluid from the blister
Signs and symptoms
• The itchy blister rash caused by chickenpox infection appea
rs 10 to 21 days after exposure to the virus and usually last
s about five to 10 days. Other signs and symptoms, which
may appear one to two days before the rash, include:
• Fever
• Loss of appetite
• Headache
• Redness and painful
• Tiredness and a general feeling of being unwell (malaise)
Cont....

Once the chickenpox rash appears, it goes through three ph

ases:

1: Raised pink or red bumps (papules), which break out over

several days
2: Small fluid-filled blisters (vesicles), which form in about o
ne day and then break and leak
3: Crusts and scabs, which cover the broken blisters and tak
e several more days to heal
 Risk factors
• Newborns , infants whose mothers never had chicken
pox or the vaccine.

• People who smoke.

• People whose immune systems are weakened by med

ication, such as chemotherapy, or by a disease, such a
s cancer or HIV.

• People who are taking steroid medications for anothe

r disease or condition, such as asthma.
 Diagnosis
• doctor will know chickenpox by its symptoms and p
articularly by the rash. If needed, fluid from the blis
ters can be tested for the varicella-zoster virus for c
onfirmation.
Treatment
• In most cases, treatment is directed at relieving symptoms u
ntil the illness goes away on its own. Non-medical therapy in
cludes:

• keeping the body cool, as heat and sweat aggravate itchiness

• applying cool-water compresses to the affected skin areas to

reduce itchiness

• keeping nails cut short and hands clean, as bacteria found un

der fingernails can infect open skin lesions
 Cont....
• taking daily baths with soap and water, which can p
revent bacterial infections.

• adding bath products a half cup of baking soda to t

he bath water for a temporary relief of itching.

• wearing loose clothing made of cotton and avoiding

scratchy fabric like wool.
Cont...
• Antihistamine liquids and pills can also reduce severe itchin
g.
• Acetaminophen may be used for fever and pain.
• Ibuprofen is also not recommended due to an increased ris
k of developing a skin infection
 Prevention
The best way to prevent chickenpox is to get the chic
kenpox vaccine. Everyone—including children, adole
scents, and adults—should get two doses of chicken
pox vaccine if they have never had chickenpox or we
re never vaccinated. Chickenpox vaccine is very safe
and effective at preventing the disease.
 Complications
• Severe complications caused by the virus include cer
ebellar ataxia, encephalitis, viral pneumonia, and he
morrhagic conditions. Other severe complications ar
e due to bacterial infections and include:

• Septicemia, septic arthritis

• Osteomyelitis & bacterial pneumonia