My Personal Crusade

Mark S. Rusco
Innovative Corporate Training
markrusco@sbcglobal.net
 Each is just a Standard Deviation.
 From Page 115 of the MSA (2nd Paragraph)

 And from Page vi

 Page 55 reminds us to add variances, not standard
deviations.
 X
0 20 40 60 80 100
 XX
0 20 40 60 80 100
 XX
X
0 20 40 60 80 100
 X
XX
X
0 20 40 60 80 100
 X
X XX
XX XX X
X
0 20 40 60 80 100
 X
X XX
XX XX X
X
0 20 40 60 80 100
 X
X XX
XX XX X
X
0 20 40 60 78 80 100
 This Standard Deviation
defines the Error of
Width

X
X XX
XX XX X
X
0 20 40 60 78 80 100
This distance
defines Error of
Location
 Bias
 Linearity
 Stability
 Averaging several readings does not help.
 Found by measuring known standards.
 Eliminate/minimize by calibration.
 Repeatability
 Reproducibility
 Averaging several readings reduces error.
 Found by repeated measurements of the same
parts.
 Minimize by operator training, gauge
improvement, etc.
 R & R are both Standard Deviations
 We combine them as Variances to get GRR
 There’s a major difference between Errors of
Location and Errors of Width.
 Pg 74, in bold letter, tells us how to sample
 “selected from the process” is not:
 Consecutive parts
 Random Parts
 At least one part should be as small as
normally expected, and one part should be as
large as normally expected. All the other “in-
between” parts don’t really matter.
 Start with Equation for %GRRtv
 Substitute in EV and AV for RR.
 Substitute in RR and PV for TV
 Substitute in EV and AV for RR on the bottom

 %GRRtv is driven by PV.

 What drives PV?
 PV = Rp x K3

 Rp = Biggest Part – Smallest Part

 You want Rp to be as big as possible, so
%GRRtv is as small as possible.
 Sort through your parts to find the biggest and
smallest part you can find.
 This makes Rp big, which makes PV big, which
makes %GRRtv small.
 Small %GRRtv makes your life easier.
 You know the Standard Deviation of your Gauge
System. Is it a good gauge?
 Can the gauge discriminate between Good/Bad
Parts?
 Can the gauge detect process variation?
 Can the gauge discriminate between Good/Bad
Parts?

 Answered by %GRRtot tol

 6 * GRR 
%GRRtot .tol .  100 *  
 Tot .Tol . 
 Can the gauge detect process variation?

 Answered by %GRRtv
 Just because %GRRtv <10% and %GRRtot tol
<10% doesn’t mean the situation is good.

 Which situation is better for your company?

 %GRRtv = 6% and %GRRtt = 9%
 OR
 %GRRtv = 15% and %GRRtt = 9%

 Understand the difference between %GRRtot tol
and %GRRtv
 Don’t plug your data into software and blindly
accept the %GRR values.