PA GP A P AT U L OY

3. Pag-rebyu
4. Pre-testing
a. aytem analisis
b. aytem diskriminasyon
5. Validasyon
3. PAGREBYU
ay isang panlahat na prinsipyo na ang
pagbuo ng pagsusulit ay isang
kolaboratibong gawain.
4. PRE-TESTING
 Ito ay tumutukoy sa pag-administer o
pagbibigay ng test sa isang bawat aytem
o tanong.
 ite
ANALYSIS
m
item
analysis
provides the
information to
teacher with
decide whether
the test draft items will be
revised, will be retained or will
be rejected
item
analysis
2
important characteristics
k

a. Difficulty Index
b. Discrimination Index
difficulty index
describes how easy or difficult the
test items are
difficulty index
Formula
 

where:
= Difficulty Index
= Proportion of the upper group who
got the item correctly
= Proportion of the lower group who
got the item correctly
difficulty index
Scale
Range of
Difficulty
Index Interpretation Action

0 – 0.12 Very Difficult Discard

0.13 – 0.25 Difficult Revise
0.26 – 0.75 Right Difficulty Retain
0.76 – 0.88 Easy Revise
0.89 – 1.00 Very Easy Discard
discrimination index
describes if an item can discriminate the
students who belong in the lower group from
those who are in the upper group
discrimination index
Formula
 

where:
= Discrimination Index
= Proportion of the upper group
who got the item correctly
= Proportion of the lower group
who got the item correctly
 discrimination index
Scale
Range of
Difficulty
Index Interpretation Action

-1.0 – -0.50 Can discriminate but Discard

item is questionable

-0.49 – 0.45 Non-discriminating Revise

0.46 – 1.00 Discriminating Item Include
 steps
1. Check the examination papers.
2. Arrange the scores from highest to lowest.
3. Get 30% for students classified as upper group and 30% for
those who are in the lower group from their total number.
steps
4. Get the proportion of the upper group by
dividing the number of students who got the
item correctly by 30% of the population.
5. Do the same for the lower group.
6. Compute the difficulty index and/or
discrimination index.
7. Interpret the result using the scale.
example
The following are the scores of PrEd146 students in their
80-item midterm exam:
29, 37, 39, 35, 34, 45, 47, 41, 37, 39, 23,
43, 36, 54, 38, 31, 23, 44, 35, 39, 25, 27,
34, 23, 42, 37, 54, 61, 51, 31, 43, 43, 32,
48, 24, 26, 27, 49, 20, 44, 46, 47, 39, 43
Tasks:
1. Compute the difficulty and discrimination index of
items 1 – 5
2. Interpret the results
solution
Array:
  61, 54, 54, 51, 49, 48, 47, 47, 46, 45, 44,44,
43, 43, 43, 43, 42, 41, 39, 39, 39, 39, 38, 37, 37, 37,
36, 35, 35, 34, 34, 32, 31, 31, 29, 27, 27, 26, 25, 24,
23, 23, 23, 20
N = 44
30% of 44 = 13.2 14
Upper group: 61, 54, 54, 51, 49, 48, 47, 47, 46, 45, 44,
44, 43, 43
Lower group: 34, 32, 31, 31, 29, 27, 27, 26, 25, 24, 23,
23, 23, 20
solution
Item U L Decision
no.
1
1 9
9 6
6 0.64 0.43 0.54 0.21 REVISE
2 14 14
2 14 14 1.00 1.00 1.00 0 DISCARD
3 5 8
3 5 8 0.36 0.57 0.47 -0.21 REVISE
4 10 0
4 10 0 0.71 0 0.36 0.71 RETAIN
5 11 9
5 11 9 0.79 0.64 0.72 0.15 REVISE