Gastrointestinal Agents

ALOHA OCANG-QUIANAL
DANIEL
ANDREW SAVAGE
AGENTS USED TO TREAT GI
DISORDERS

 PRODUCTS FOR ALTERING GASTRIC Ph

 PROTECTIVES FOR INTESTINAL INFLAMMATION
 ADSORBENTS FOR INTESTINAL TOXINS
 CATHARTIC OR LAXATIVES FOR CONSTIPATION
 ACIDIFYING AGENTS

ACIDIFYING AGENTS ARE NEEDED IN A CONDITION KNOWN AS ACHLORHYDRIA.

ACHLORHYDRIA MAY OCCUR IN CERTAIN CONDITIONS SUCH AS CHRONIC GASTRITIS, CARCINOMA OF THE
STOMACH, AND IN SPECIFIC GASTRIC SURGERY.

DILUTE HYDROCHOLRIC ACID USP38/NF33 AT 10% (w/v) RELIEVES THE GI SYMPTOMS CAUSED BE
ACHLORHYDRIA. THE USUAL DOSE IS 5ML DILUTED TO 200 ML WATER TO PROVIDE ABOUT 15 mEq OF ACID,
ADMINISTERED WITH A STRAW TO AVOID WITH THE DENTAL ENAMEL.
 ANTACIDS

 ESOPHAGEAL ULCER
 GASTRIC ULCER
 DUODENAL ULCER

AFTER A MEAL, APPROXIMATELY 45 mEq/h OF HYFROCHLORIC IS SECRETED. A SINGLE DOSE OF 156 mEq OF
ANTACID GIVEN AN HOUR AFTER A MEAL EFFECTIVELY NEUTRALIZES GASTRIC ACID FOR UP TO 2 HOURS.
 CRITERIA FOR AN IDEAL ANTACID

 SHOULD NOT BE ABSORBABLE TO CAUSE SYSTEMIC ALKALOSIS

 SHOULD NOT BE A LAXATIVE TO CAUSE CONSTIPATION
 SHOULD NOT EXERT THE EFFECT TO RAPIDLY AND OVER A LONG PEROID OF TIME
 SHOULD NOT CAUSE A LARGE EVOLUTION OF GAS IN ITS REACTION WITH GASTRIC HCL
 SHOULD BUFFER IN THE pH 4-6 RANGE
 SHOULD INHIBIT PEPSIN
 ANTACID PRODUCTS

SIDE EFFECTS
 IMPAIRED DIGESTION WHEN TAKEN WITH FOOD
 FLATULENCE
 DIARRHEA IN MAGNESIUM-CONTAINING ANTACIDS
 CONSTIPATION IN CALCIUM AND ALUMINUM-CONTAINING ANTACIDS
 AND IN EXCESSIVE FREQUENT INTAKE MAY CAUSE METABOLIC ALKALOSIS
 SODIUM BICARBONATE(NaHCO3)

DRUG PRODUCT: RHEA SODIUM BICARBONATE

 THOUGH HIGHLY WATER SOLUBLE WITH RAPID ONSET OF ACTION, IT HAS A RELATIVELY SHORT DURATION
 IT CAUSES A SHARP INCREASE IS GASTRIC pH, RESULTING IN BELCHING AND FLATULENCE DUE TO THE
EVOLUTION OF CO2 IN THE PRESENCE OF ACID
 USED MAINLY TO REACT WITH AN ACID WITH THE EVOLUTION OF CO2, IT PRODUCES A SPARKLING
FLAVOR IN PREPARATIONS THAT HAVE SALINE TASTE
 AS IT IS READILYABSORBED AND CAUSES RETENTION, IT IS NOTINDICATED WITH PATIENTS WHO NEED Na
RESTRICTION
 IT INHIBITS THE ABSORPTON OF TETRACYCLINE IN THE GI TRACT
 AS IT IS ABSORBABLE AND MAY CAUSE SYSTEMIC ALKALOSIS, IT SHOULD BE SUED WITH PRECAUTION
 THE USUAL DOSE IS 300 MG TO 2 G FOUR TIMES DAILY