MORE DEFINITIONS

OF SELF
JOHN LOCKE

• THE SELF IS CONSCIOUSNESS (Tabula Rasa)

• the self is “a thinking intelligent being, that has reason and
reflection, and can consider itself as itself, the same
thinking thing, in different times and places” 
• The consciousness Locke refers to can be equated with
memory
DAVID HUME

• THERE IS NO SELF!
•  the self is just a bundle of perceptions, like links in a chain. To look for a
unifying self beyond those perceptions is like looking for a chain apart
from the links that constitute it.
• When people will examine their content of experience what they can
see are just impressions and ideas that results to imagination.
IMMANUEL KANT

• The self that is constructing and organizing principles of experiences which

creates a world that is familiar, predictable and significantly be called as
mine.

The self is a FREE AGENT

Through experience allows the self to understand the world and create a
deeper realization on the self.
SIGMUND FREUD

• Self has consists of three layers which are

conscious, unconscious, and preconscious
which are considered as far reaching impact
for we have so many questions in life that
leads us to curiosity and to find for an answer
3 LAYERS OF SELF

• ID- Unconscious and operates on the Pleasure Principle ( Instant Gratification )

• EGO- strives to satisfy the id's desires in realistic and socially appropriate ways. The reality
principle weighs the costs and benefits of an action before deciding to act upon or abandon
impulses.

• SUPEREGO- holds the internalized moral standards and ideals that we acquire from our
parents and society (our sense of right and wrong)
BALANCE OF THE 3

•According to Freud, a person

must balance his ID, Ego and
SuperEgo and any imbalance can
cause disaster.
GILBERT RYLE

• I ACT THEREFORE I AM

• Self is best understood as a collection of

behavior that leads to a person to behave in
accordance with different circumstances.
PAUL CHURCHLAND: THE SELF IS THE BRAIN

• Eliminative Materialism. Since the mind cannot

be felt by our senses therefore it does not exist.

• Our perspective of the world depends on how we

sense it.
MAURICE MERLEAU-PONTY: THE SELF IS EMBODIED
SUBJECTIVITY

• The body acts what the mind Perceives

The body and mind are intertwined with each other.

All the knowledge of every individual comes from the

inner world of subjective phenomena of experience that
people are aware in everything within its consciousness.