Pumps - IQS

Presentation
Fernando Blanco
 CENTRIFUGAL PUMPS

Centrifugal pumps represent 90%

Of pumps utilized in
Oil&gas industry

A centrifugal pump is a kinetic machine converting

mechanical energy into hydraulic energy through
centrifugal activity.
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 HOW DOES IT LOOK LIKE?
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 WHAT IS INSIDE?

Volute

Centrifugal
Pumps

Impeller
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 TYPICAL CROSS SECTION
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 ACTUAL INSTALLATION
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 HOW DOES IT WORK
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 HOW DOES IT WORK?

 Kinetic energy transformed into

pressure energy in the pump volute
 Discharge pressure auto-limited: no

relief valve required

 NPSH required always lower than

NPSH available (Net Positive Suction

Head)
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 THEORY

 Pump Curve equation

H = aQ² + bQ + cst
 Pump specific speed

NQ 0.5
Ns  0.75
H
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 THEORY

 Suction specific speed

NQ 0.5
N ss 
 NPSHR  0.75
15100 in metric units (rpm, m3/h, m)
13000 in customary units (rpm, gpm, feet)
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 THEORY

 Thecurve has a form of parabola

 Thedifferential head increases with decreasing flow
 Thehead at zero flow is in the range of 120%
 TheBEP (best efficiency point) is the point with the
higher efficiency for a given impeller diameter.
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 ECE Pumps

THEORY

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 ECE Pumps

THEORY

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 THEORY

 Hydraulic and brake absorbed

power
 Hydraulic power

QHd
P
367
In kw with Q in m3/h, H in m,
d fluid density,
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 THEORY

 Brake power
QHd
P
367 r
In kw with Q in m3/h, H in m, d fluid density, r efficiency
(dimensionless)

 Temperature elevation in pump

1 r
H
t  r
427C p
Cp fluid specific heat in kcal/kg °C, H in m, r efficiency
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 THEORY

 DIFFERENTIAL HEAD (OR HEAD)

 Expressed in m of liquid
 Independent of the nature of fluid

Pd  Ps H in m
H 10.2 Pd, Ps in Bara
d
ECE Pumps

d density

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 THEORY NPSH
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 ECE Pumps

THEORY

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 ECE Pumps

THEORY

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 OPERATING PRINCIPLE
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 OPERATING PRINCIPLE
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 PARALLEL OPERATION
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 OPERATING PRINCIPLE
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 THEORY

 Effect of viscosity on pump characteristics

 Reduction of flow, head and efficiency
 Qvis- viscous pump capacity
 Hvis – Viscous head
 Rvis – Viscous efficiency

 Maximum viscosity for centrifugal pump

 400 cst
 Below 10 cst no correction necessary
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 ECE Pumps

THEORY

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 START UP
 The pump resistant torque is
a parabola
 The curve cc intersect the
motor curve at P: the pump
cannot start.
 The motor torque must be
greater that the pump torque
up to full speed
 Full speed is lower than
synchronous speed
 Equation

dv
Cm  Cr  I
dt
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 CONSTRUCTION
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 CONSTRUCTION
Overhung - Single stage - foot mounted (OH1)
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 CONSTRUCTION

 Overhung - single stage - Centre line mounted (OH2)

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 CONSTRUCTION
 Between bearing - One stage - axially split (BB1)
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 ►Between bearing - two stages - axially split (BB2)
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 CONSTRUCTION

 Between bearing - One stage - Radially split - (BB2)

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 CONSTRUCTION

►Between bearing - One stage - Radially split - (BB2)

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 CONSTRUCTION

 Between bearing – Multi stage – axially split (BB3)

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 CONSTRUCTION

 Between bearing – Multi-stage – Radially split – Single casing (BB4)

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 CONSTRUCTION

 Between bearing – Radially split – Double casing (BB5)

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 CONSTRUCTION

 Vertical in line (OH4)

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 CONSTRUCTION

 Vertical suspended double casing (VS6)

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 HIGH SPEED PUMPS

Low flow/High head

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 SEAL LESS PUMPS

 CANNED MOTOR PUMPS

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 SEAL LESS PUMPS

 MAGNETIC DRIVE PUMPS

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 CANNED MOTOR PUMP
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 CANNED MOTOR PUMP
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 CANNED PUMPS

 VERTICAL CRYOGENIC PUMPS

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 Cryogenic pump diffuser
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 LUBRICATION

 OIL LUBRICATION (GREASE IS PROHIBITED)

 Oil ring
 Flinger

 OIL MIST LUBRICATION (For roller bearings only)

 Pure mist

– No oil in bearing housing

 Purge mist

– Reserve of oil in bearing housing

• Advantage of oil mist lubrication:

- Extension of roller bearing life
- Automatic refill of oil reserve
- Increase of bearing reliability
• Inconvenience of oil mist lubrication:
- Interconnecting piping installation
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 MECHANICAL SEAL
Quench
Face de conception à Flushing
Rotating face
Carbon or tungsten carbide
Face t

Spring

316 SS 316
Collier

Segmented ring Hard face of the sleeve

in carbon as under the segmented
throttle ring ring

Joints t
Gaskets Seat in silicon carbide
m - standard
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 MECHANICAL SEAL
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 MECHANICAL SEAL
Configuration / Arrangement 1

 1CW-FX

F D Q
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 MECHANICAL SEAL
Configuration / Arrangement 2

 2CW-CW

F LBO LBI
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 MECHANICAL SEAL
Configuration / Arrangement 3

 3CW-BB

LBO LBI
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 MECHANICAL SEAL
External flushing with seal pot
Forced circulation with pumping ring
 Plan 53A

PI PS
PI PS

LSH
LSH

LSL
LSL F LBO LBI

LBO
LBO

LBILBI
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 MANUFACTURERS

 MAIN MANUFACTURERS  MAIN MANUFACTURERS (CTD)

 ENSIVAL  EBARA
 FLOWSERVE  SHIN NIPPON
 GE - NUOVO PIGNONE  NIIGATA WORTHINGTON
 UNION PUMPS – GUINARD
 WEIR GABBIONETA  JC CARTER
 KSB  NIKISO
 SULZER
 GOULDS  KLAUS UNION
 RUHRPUMPEN  HERMETIC

 TERMOMECANICA
 STERLING
 NIJHUIS

 FRAMO
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 CENTIFUGAL OR
POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT

POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT
For specific services
Low flow &
High head
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 OTHER PUMPS

Positive Displacement Pumps has an expanding cavity on

the suction side and a decreasing cavity on the
discharge side. Liquid flows into the pumps as the cavity
on the suction side expands and the liquid flows out of
the discharge as the cavity collapses. The volume is
constant given each cycle of operation.
The positive displacement pumps can be divided in two
main classes
– reciprocating
– rotary
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 PRINCIPLE
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 RECIPROCATING
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 POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT

The positive displacement principle applies whether the pump is a:

 rotary lobe pump
 progressing cavity pump
 rotary gear pump
 diaphragm pump
 screw pump
 gear pump
 vane pump
 regenerative (peripheral) pump
 peristaltic
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 PROGRESSIVE CAVITY
MOINEAU
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 SCREW PUMPS
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 ECE Pumps

GEAR

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 PERISTALTIC
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 PARTICULAR

Horse head
pump
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 EXAMPLES
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 ECE Pumps

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 Type BB5
408 m3/h
2314 m
2964 kw
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 ECE Pumps

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 HYDRAULIC SIMULATION
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 Type BB1
20600 m3/h
30 m
1920kw
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 VERTICAL PUMP

27000 m3/hr
40 m
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 EXAMPLE
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 Tye BB2
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 Type BB4
With tie rods
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 EXAMPLE
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 ELECTRONIC MODEL
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 ELECTRONIC MODEL
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 CONCLUSION

Pumps are the equipment more often used in all oil & gas
installations.
Centrifugal pumps are the more numerus
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