SMALL INTESTINAL

MOTILITY
Presented By-Dr. Pallavi Anand
Asst. Professor
 MAIN OBJECTIVE
• Thoroughly mix the chyme
• Length 3/4th of whole of GIT =600cm
• Lymphatic modules provide immunity to the intestine
ELECTROPHYSIOLOGY OF INTESTINAL SMOOTH MUSCLE

• Slow Waves
• Frequency lighter in duodenum (15/min)
• Contractions are stronger when slow waves are associated with spike
• Characteristic feature
• Slow waves of intestine are localized to a short segment results in segmentation type of
movements
• Types of intestinal movement
• Segmentation
• Peristalsis
• Most common variety
• Characterised by clearly spaced contraction of the circular muscle layer ,these divide the small
intestine into many segments
• Rate duodenum – 18/min
• Jejunum -15/min
• Ileum – 12/min
• Segmentation contraction effectively mix chyme with pancreatic and intestinal secretion.
• They also bring fresh chyme into the contact with the neural surface.
• Therefore segmentation movement are also k/a mixing movement
• Helps in digestion absorption of nutriants
PERISTALSIS
• Progressive contraction of successive portions of circular smooth ms of small intestine
• Wave of contraction move in orthograde direction i.e. towards color.[Law of intestine]
• Peristaltic waves involves a small length of intestine.
• Primary function to propel chyme in forward direction
• Rush peristalsis seen in acute diaurated
• Frequency of peristalsis increases (20cm/sec)
• Antiperistalsis contractions results in vomiting.
 OTHER MOTILITIES
• Migrating myoelectric motor complex
• Contraction of musculasis mucosa 3/min
• Vilius contraction
• Seen in upper part of small intestine
• Meant for emptying central lacteas
 INTESTINAL REFLUXES
• Intestino intestinal reflex
• Gastroileal reflex
 INTESTINO INTESTINAL REFLEX
• When part of intestine is over distended the rest of the intestine relaxes
• Mediated by local enteric neurons and vagovagal pathway
 GASTROILEAL REFLEX
• When food enters stomach ,motility of the terminal part of ileum is enhanced & gleocolic
opemeter relexes
• Mediated by vagus nerve.
 MOTILITY OF LARGE INTESTINE
• Color 90 % of large intestine
• Length of large intestine 1.5 M
• Transit time of chyme through different parts of gut is
• Small intestine – 4hrs.
• Ascending color - 6hrs.
• Transverse color – 8hrs.
• Des. And pelvic color – 12hrs.
• Pelvic color to rectum – may take 1-2 days.
• Transit time depends on fibre contact of diet.
 MAJOR FUNCTION OF COLOR
• Storage of chyme and absorption of salt and water
• Slow movement across color =5-10cm/hr.
 ELECTROPHYSIOLOGY OF CALORIC
MUSCLE
• Circular muscle
• Two type of pace making cells in color made up of intestinal cells.
• One set near inner border of circular muscles produce regular slow waves of high amplitude
• Second set near outer border of circular muscle that produces waves with low amplitudes
and high frequency called MPDs[Myenteric potential oscillation]
• Circular muscle does not fire action potentials.
 LONGITUDINAL MUSCLE
• Also exhibit MPDs
• Sometimes fire action potentials
 COLORIC MOVEMENTS
• Haustral contractions
• Propubire movements
• Mass peristalsis
• Caloric reflexes
 MASS CALORIC PERISTALSIS
• Stronger peristaltic contractions that forcibly pushes content from color into rectum
• Caloric reflexes
• Colorocolic –mediated by sympathetic nerve
• Gastrocolic-mediated by gastrin.
MOTILITY OF RECTUM AND ANAL CANAL
DEFECATNAR REFLEX
• Normally defecation is inhibited by
• Acute anorectal angle (90o)
• Contraction external anal sphincter and puborectalis muscle.
• It is a spinal reflex.