Core Concepts in

Physical
Education
 1. WHAT IS THE COMPLETE DEFINITION OF
PHYSICAL
EDUCATION?

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 1. Physical Education Defined
• PE is part of the educational
program designed to promote the
optimum development of an
individual through total body
movement in the performance of
properly selected physical
activities.
 2. HOW DO WE DEVELOP THE DIFFERENT
ASPECTS OF A PERSON IN PE?
a. physical
b. emotional
c. mental
d. social
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 2. HOW DO WE DEVELOP
THE DIFFERENT
ASPECTS?
1. Physical Development
An individual who participates in
properly selected activities will
develop and maintain good health and
a high level of physical fitness.
 Exercise is Medicine!

• Exercise can be prescribed in a similar

manner as a physician prescribes
medicine to combat a disease
(Holloszy, MD, 2004, of Washington
University School of Medicine)
• dose-response relationship
2. HOW DO WE DEVELOP THE DIFFERENT
ASPECTS?

2. Mental Development
The individual develops his mental expertise as he
learns the mechanical principles underlying movement,
knowledge, and understanding of rules and strategies of
games and sports, and ways of improving movements in
gymnastics and dance.
 The increased blood flow also benefits your
brain, allowing it to almost immediately
function better. As a result, you tend to feel
more focused after a workout.

Furthermore, exercising regularly will

promote the growth of new brain cells. In
your hippocampus, these new brain cells help
boost memory and learning.
A number of neurotransmitters are also triggered, such as
endorphins, serotonin, dopamine, glutamate, and GABA which are
known to be good mood boosters.
 2. HOW DO WE DEVELOP THE DIFFERENT ASPECTS?

3. Emotional Development
The informal nature of PE offers opportunities for
self-expression and emotional mastery. When
people gain control of their bodies, they gain control
over their lives. A healthy individual is one who is
able to control his/her emotions.
Example: self-confidence, self-control, self-reliance,
courage, and determination.
2. HOW DO WE DEVELOP
THE DIFFERENT
ASPECTS?

4. Social Development
Activities in PE provide opportunities for the development of
desirable traits needed for adjustment to social life.
Example: friendliness, cooperation, respect for the rights of
others, sportsmanship, good leadership, follower ship,
and honesty.
 3. CAN A PERSON BE
BOTH
FAT, FIT AND
HEALTHY?
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• Research suggests that just because
someone is overweight, it doesn't mean
he or she is not fit or healthy.
• Yes, you can be overweight and
healthy, according to the National
Institutes of Health's 1998 report,
Clinical Guidelines on the Identification,
Evaluation and Treatment of
Overweight and Obesity in Adults.
Source: http://www.webmd.com/diet/can-you-be-fit-fat

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 How to Be Overweight and Healthy

• People who are overweight can be considered

healthy if their waist size is less than 35 inches for
women or 40 inches for men, and if they do not have
two or more of the following conditions:
• High blood pressure
• High blood sugar
• High cholesterol

Source: http://www.webmd.com/diet/can-you-b
e-
fit-fat
 The Real Meaning of
Fitness (by Ms. Tina
• Juan)
Health and fitness do not always go
together. If health is defined as the
absence of disease and fitness is defined
as the ability to do a given task effectively
and safely, then it is possible for
someone who lift weights and has strong
muscles to have clogged arteries. This
could be due to bad genes, a poor
diet, and smoking or high stress levels.
 4. WHAT ARE THE QUESTIONS WE
NEED TO ASK OUR STUDENTS BEFORE
WE ALLOW THEM TO ENGAGE INTO
ANY
PHYSICAL ACTIVITY?

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9/17/2017
Physical Activity Readiness Questionnaire - PAR-
Q
1. Has your doctor ever said that you have a heart condition and that you should only
do physical activity recommended by a doctor?
2. Do you feel pain in your chest when you do physical activity?
3. In the past month, have you had chest pain when you were not doing physical
activity?
4. Do you lose your balance because of dizziness or do you ever lose consciousness?
5. Do you have a bone or joint problem (for example, back, knee or hip) that could be
made worse by a change in your physical activity?
6. Is your doctor currently prescribing drugs (for example, water pills) for your blood
pressure or heart condition?
7. Do you know of any other reason why you should not do physical activity?

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 ON FITNESS COMPONENTS....

5. WHY IS FLEXIBILITY A HEALTH-

RELATED COMPONENT?

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• Flexibility is the movement available at our joints,
usually controlled by the length of our muscles. This
is often thought to be less important than strength,
or cardiovascular fitness.
However, if we are not flexible our movement
decreases
and joints become stiff.
• Flexibility in sports allows us to perform certain skills
more efficiently, for example a gymnast, dancer or
diver must be highly flexible, but it is also important in
other sports to aid performance and decrease the risk
of injury.
Source:http://www.teachpe.com/fitness/health.php
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 Why is flexibility important?
• In daily activities we must be flexible to reach for something in
a cupboard, or off the floor. It also helps:

– Prevent injuries
– Improve posture
– Reduce low back pain
– Maintain healthy joints
– Improve balance during movement

Source:http://www.teachpe.com/fitness/health.ph
p
 6. DIFFERENTIATE
BETWEEN
MUSCULAR
MUSCULARSTRENGTH
ENDURANCE.
AND

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 STRENGTH VS ENDURANCE

• Strength is the ability of

the muscles to exert
maximum force. When
force is repeated over
time, it becomes muscular
endurance
 7.
BETWEEN
DIFFERENTIATE
SPEED AND
AGILITY.

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 SPEED VS AGILITY
Agility
Ability of the muscle/body to change
directions swiftly, easily and under control in
the quickest possible time.
 SPEED VS AGILITY
Speed
Ability to make
successive movements
of the same kind or to
cover a distance at a
short period of time.
 8. DIFFERENTIATE
BETWEEN POWER
AND
STRENGTH.
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POWER VS STRENGTH

Power is the ability to

release maximum
force/perform one
explosive muscular
effort in a short
period of time. It is
the combination of
speed and
strength.
 9. WHAT DOES THE
ACRONYM FITT STANDS
FOR?

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 •
Ph I I v it y R q u i r rn t ( I
i I )

F - r quency
I - n t e n it y
T- i e
T y pe
P r o - gr
 10. HOW
FREQUENTLY
SHOULD WE
EXERCISE?
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 Frequency
General Recommendations
Type of Activity Health & Medicine Athletic Rehabilitation
Fitness

Aerobic 3-5 days 3-5 days 5-7 days Specific to

injury

Anaerobic 2-3 days 2-3 days 3-4 days Specific to

injury

Aerobic/ Specific to goals Specific to goals Specific to goals Specific to goals

Anaerobic
 11. HOW LONG
SHOULD WE
EXERCISE?
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 Time (Duration, in Minutes)
General Recommendations
Type of Activity Health & Medicine Athletic Rehabilitation
Fitness

Aerobic 20-60 20-30 20-120 Specific to

injury

Anaerobic 20-30 20-30 20-120 Specific to

injury

Aerobic/ Specific to goals Specific to goals Specific to goals Specific to goals

Anaerobic
 12. HOW DO WE
DETERMINE THE
INTENSITY OF THE
EXERCISE?
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 Aerobic/Dynamic Activity Intensity Determination Methods

• Percentage of Maximum Heart Rate

a. MHR = 220 - age x % of intensity desired
b. MHR = 209 - 0.7 x age

• Percentage of Maximum Heart Rate Reserve

(Karvonen Formula)
THR = (MHR-RHR) x (desired %) + RHR

• Talk Test
• 1RM max
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 13. DIFFERENTIATE
BETWEEN AEROBIC
AND
ANAEROBIC
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 Anaerobic Exercise Aerobic Exercise
(non- (oxidative)
oxidative)
• sprints, sports specific drills,
weight lifting, weight • walking, jogging, swimming,
training cycling, etc
• short-term, high intensity (or • longer term, moderate
explosive) muscle power to high intensity
activities
activities
• minimal sport-specific
skills

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 14. WHAT ARE THE
DIFFERENT
TYPES
THAT WEOFCAN
PHYSICAL ACTIVITY
ENGAGED
INTO?
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 15. TO ACHIEVE GENERAL
FITNESS AND HEALTH, WHAT
EXERCISE PROGRAM CAN YOU
RECOMMEND (FOLLOWING
THE FITT PRINCIPLES)?.
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 Re la t e d t o E xe r c i e
Ph y s ic a l a c t iv i t h r o u g h d a ily r o u t i n ( n o n ­
st r u c t u r e d , i n c id n t a l ) la y s d o w n t h f o u n d a t i o n
for pla y a n d p o r t s ( s t r u c t u r e d ,
e x e r c ise p rogra m m ed ).

E x e rc i i n o t a e f f e c t iv e if s e d e n t a r y d u r in g
m o st o f t h d a y.

F or e v e r y h o u r o f u n in t r r u p t e d it t i n g , t a k e 2
m i n p h y s ic a l a c t iv i b reak.