MODULE 5:

FORM OF ART
Learning outcomes
At the end of this module, you are able to:
1. Define the idea and concept of form in art
2. Identify the elements and principles of an art
3. Enumerate and explain the ways on the process of
criticism on an art
4. Create an artwork with the guide of elements and
principles of art using techniques or methods for
presenting a subject of an art.
Form
⚫the language and the criteria of art
⚫refers to the whole arrangement and
organization of elements used by an artist to
create an artwork
To produce an awe-inspiring
artwork, an artist must know
first the elements of the specific
arts and different principles of
arts he is engaged in. Knowledge
of the art principles and the
elements of the visual arts is
helpful in the art production.
 Elements of arts
⚫basic
components of
art-making
⚫to make a good
criticism
according to the
used of elements

Fall Plowing by Grand Wood

Elements of art
⚫Line
⚫Path of a
moving point
⚫Define the
edges of shapes
and forms
Elements of art ⚫Form
⚫Shape ⚫Three-dimensional
⚫Two- (3D)
dimensional (2D) ⚫Actual or implied
⚫When a line ⚫Having height, depth
connects to and width.
itself, flat.
Volume
Perspective amount of space
with point of occupied by an object
view; angle of in three dimensions.
vision; frame of
reference.
Elements of art
⚫Color
⚫Hue of an
object when
light is
reflected off of
it
Value
⚫lightness and
darkness of
colors used in
artwork
Elements of art
⚫Texture
⚫way
something
feels or the
way it looks
like to feel
Elements of art
⚫Space
⚫area around a
subject in an
artwork, shown
with size,
overlap, and
proportion
Contrast
⚫using of different elements in an artwork; darkness
and lightness, roughness and smoothness, curved
lines and straightness.
Principles of arts
⚫the way the artist use the elements of an art to
make an effect and to depict and delivery clearly
the idea or feeling of the artist.
⚫To come up with attractive artworks, artists must
be governed by the five conventions of artistic
compositions.
Rhythm /Patterns
⚫repetitive
patterns of a
succession of a
similar
identical items;
repetition of
lines, shapes,
and colors
used in
artwork.
 Frederick Judd Waugh, Breaking Surf
Rhythm/
Movement
⚫a visual
element that
makes an effect
of action or
motions
Isaac Levitan: Oak Grove, Autumn (1880)
Balance
distribution of
visual weight of
objects in an
artwork. Use of
colors, sizes and
texture.
Emphasis
⚫main idea, focus. In short, what caught your eyes first to
see.

George Henry, River Landscape by Moonlight (1887)

Harmony

⚫using of similar elements that brings each part of the

artwork together; or achieved when all elements of a
thing are put together to come up with a coherent
whole.

George Henry, Noon (1885)

Proportion
is the
comparative
relationship of
the different
parts in relation
to the whole;
using of different
sizes of
something.
Vincent van Gogh, Starry Night over
the Rhone (1888)
 Techniques or methods of
presenting a subject of an art
REALISM
⚫refers to the artistic movement began in
France in the 1850s. The introduction of
photography became the reason of the
popularity of realism which refers to
producing an “objectively real” visual.
⚫Depicting what eyes can see, ears can hear,
what senses receive
Zeuxis: Still life four bunches of Grapes
Museo Nacional del Prado, Madrid
ABSTRACTION
⚫Total opposite of realism
⚫Latin word “abstractus” means draw away or to
Latin past participle “abstraher; ab(s) “away”
and trahere “draw”.
⚫It presents the artist ideas or feelings with
exaggeration of emotions. It portrays the artist
moods or feelings.
Wassily Kandinsky: Composition VII, 1913
Kandinsky was recognized as the “Father of
Modern Abstract Art” in the 20th
th Century
Pablo Picasso: Ma Jolie Amadeo Modigliani:
(1911) Landscape
Forms of Abstraction
⚫Distortion
⚫the subject is presented with misshapen condition
or twisted regular shapes
⚫Elongation
⚫the subject is being lengthened, a protraction or
extension
⚫Mangling
⚫the subject is presented are cut, lacerated,
mutilated, torn, hacked, or disfigured
Forms of Abstraction
⚫Cubism
⚫the subject is presented with combinations of
geometric shapes. It was also describe as pieces of
fractured glass looking method
⚫Abstract Expressionism
⚫applying paints rapidly with force on their
canvasses to show feelings and emotions
SYMBOLISM
⚫visible sign of something invisible like ideas or
qualities
⚫uses symbol to intensify the meaning, and
making the artwork more subjective and
conventional
FAUVISM
⚫French word “les fauves” means wild beasts
⚫uses bright colors and emphasizes
spontaneous idea
⚫Henri Matisse was first labelled as Fauve
because of using this method.
Henri Matisse: The Dessert: Harmony in Red
(1908)
 DADAISM
⚫came from the
word “dada” which
means hobby-horse
⚫a technique of
presenting an art
subject in a non-
sensical way.

Kurt Schwitters: Construction of

Noble Women (1919)
FUTURISM
⚫uses a modernist movement with the era of
future and technology.
⚫It was first seen on the manifesto published by
Flippo Marinetti, wherein he summed up the
principles of Futurist; the artist who uses
Futurism on art.
Gerardo Dottori: The Miracle of
Light While Flying (1931)
SURREALISM
⚫known as super realism
⚫Focuses on the real things manifesting on
imaginations and fantasies of people, real
things that can be found on unconscious
minds or dreamlike objects.
Salvador Dali: The Persistence of
Memory (193) Museum of Modern Art,
New York City
IMPRESSIONISM
⚫known as optical realism for its interest in
actual viewing experience, using the effect of
color, light and movement on the subject
depicted on an artwork
⚫It focuses on describing the visual sensations
derived from nature.
⚫Impressionism movement; means human eye
is a marvellous instrument
Claude Monet: Water Lilies (1908)
Akseli Gallen-Kallela :Lake Keitele (1905)
 IC IS M
CR IT
A RT
ART CRITICISM
⚫Involves one’s own interpretation.
⚫A way to help an individual to understand a
particular work of art by using the one’s knowledge
about art theory
⚫A way to establish where an artwork belongs to
depending on its depicted different artistic styles and
movements base on the art history
Assessing a Work of Art
DESCRIPTION

ANALYSIS
INTERPRETATION
EVALUATION

ART CRITICISM
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