ART

APPRECIATIO
N
COLLEGE OF
GOVERNANCE
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Latin word “Sculpere” meaning To Carve

The art of Carving, Casting, Modeling or

Assembling materials into three-
dimensional figure or form
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MEDIUM AND TECHNIQUES

Wood – hardwood like narra, molave,
kamagong and bamboo

Chisel through
the reductive
technique
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MEDIUM AND TECHNIQUES

Stone – example is Adobe which is hard
and enduring

Common
medium in
sculpture
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MEDIUM AND TECHNIQUES

Marble – hard limestone
which has a smooth and
veined texture suggesting
elegance and used for
ornaments and statuary
associated with classical
elegance
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MEDIUM AND TECHNIQUES

Semi-precious stones –
Jade and Crystals
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MEDIUM AND TECHNIQUES

Ceramics – made of
special clay and is
applied to the art of
pottery making
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MEDIUM AND TECHNIQUES

Terracota – figures form
out of baked clay fired
at low temperature and
done manually
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MEDIUM AND TECHNIQUES

Metal – a strong material
that is heated and
hammered into shape.
Bronze is a metal that is
preferred for sculpture
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Kinds of Sculpture

Free-standing – is a three dimensional

figure or kind of sculpture in the round,
which is monumental
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Kinds of Sculpture

Free-standing
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Kinds of Sculpture

Relief – is a sculpture characterized as

embossed in which images are set on a
flat background and carving can be
considered as examples
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Kinds of Sculpture

Relief
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Kinds of Sculpture

Kinetic and mobiles – a moving three-

dimensional figures.
ex. Those that are suspended on air
to move like good luck sign hanging by
the door
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Kinetic and Mobile Sculpture

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SCULPTURE
Two major process
1. Subtractive
2. Additive
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SCULPTURE
Two major process
1. Subtractive – process in which
unwanted materials is cut away.
Stone and wood are best example
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Subtractive
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SCULPTURE
Two major process
1. Additive – the construction of a figure
putting together bits of clay or by
welding metals parts.
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Additive
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CURVING

Curving is a time consuming process in

which artists subtracts or cuts away
materials to get desired form. Materials
is usually hard and frequently weighty.
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MODELING

Consists of addition, to or building up of

form. The materials used are soft,
yielding and can easily shaped, enabling
rapid execution
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CASTING

To obtain permanence for a modeled

work is to cast it into bronze or some
other durable materials.
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Sculpture is regarded as oldest art. The

earliest being the carved drawing on
rocks of caves. It is believed that these
carvings were manifestations of spiritual
and manner or worship.
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totems
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Most of the Egyptians sculpture portrays

victory of Upper over Lower Egypt.
The pharoahs (king) were
commemorated in magnificent life-size
statues, set in funerary temples and
tombs
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• Idealized representation
• Standardized features and fixed gazed
• Always depicted in frontal pose
• Strong geometric emphasis – shoulder
and chest plate resembling an inverted
triangle
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• They carve figures out of stone

• In case of tombs, it usually told the
life story of the person entombed.
• Stars and sacred animals which stood
for power of nature, then in line with
their beliefs in immortality
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Egyptian Sculpture Evolution

* Palettes – Shield-shaped pieces of

stone with relief carvings
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Egyptian Sculpture Evolution

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Egyptian Sculpture Evolution

* Wall Carvings – which are either in

bust or high relief, usually found in the
walls of tombs
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Egyptian Sculpture Evolution

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Egyptian Sculpture Evolution

* Statues – life-size figures of men and

women in sitting or standing position
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Egyptian Sculpture Evolution

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Most popular piece of sculpture in egypt

Sphinx
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Greek sculpture is synonymous with the

Golden Age of Athens.
•Most of their works is to honor their
gods.
•Frontality is often noted among religious
beacause the God presents power and
authority.
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• Greek presentation is more casual and

natural than the Egyptian.
• Figures are presented as slightly off-
balanced:
• Facial expressions are calm and
thoughtful
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• not much emotion is shown because

the emphasis is on the form of the
body.
• Female figures are usually fully draped
out but male are always naked; but
later on both shown little or no
clothing at all.
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In form of free-standing figures based on

primitive composure and frontality and
used incised herring bone. The craftsmen
worked and applied the technique on
gold, silver, and other semi-prescious
stones
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More realistic and matter-of-fact

character.
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Represents the Christianization of Rome

* fish was used to symbolize Christ
and a hand protruding form the clouds
symbolizes God
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Later part of Medieval Ages

•Sculpture became subordinated to
architecture
•Attached to the stonework rather than
free standing
•Carved image becomes an integral part
of the architecture
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• Sculptures are governed by church

• No experimentation was allowed
• Christ was represented as fully
garbed, matures, dark-bearded man
with hunting eyes.
• Church laid down laws on how to
present biblical characters
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• Revival of Greek and Roman trends

• Some great sculptures – by
Michaeangelo “Pieta” and “David”.
• Donatello was one the greatest
sculpture during this time. (“St.
mark”)
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• Purely ornamental in nature

• Highly ornate and exquisite study of
details which suggest pomp and
wealth.
• Rococo art appeared largely in
furniture, panels, vases and urns
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Group or individual
•Make a sculpture (Subtractive or
Additive)
•Something comes from your emotion
•If possible, put paint on your sculpture to
give life