 The most traditional approach in

teaching
 A teacher-centered approach of
teaching
 Teacher are the foundation of the
class and the students will just store
and remember the information given
by the teacher

BANKING THE WORLD IS SEEN AS STATIC AND

UNCHANGEABLE, AND STUDENTS ARE

METHOD
SIMPLY SUPPOSED TO FIT IN AS IT IS
 Problems of Banking
Method
1. Prevent students from developing skills that make themselves fair-
minded critical thinkers.
2. Promotes the student to depend only on the teacher
3. This does not make the learners to reflect and connect in real life
what he/she was taught

STUDENTS ARE JUST PASSIVE AGENTS OF LEARNING

 ISOLATED FACTS
 Facts are important
 “Mile wide inch deep” kind of learning
 Facts that are without the other facts, makes no sense

THERE IS TOO MUCH TEACHING BUT NOT ENOUGH LEARNING

 JOHN LOCKE
EMPIRICIST EDUCATOR (1623-1704)

 Empiricism – believes that knowledge of the

world is based on one’s experience
 A child is a “Tabula Rasa” or a Blank Slate
 Learners learn from authentic experiences
 Not a fan of classics
 He believes that knowledge does not only
came from literary sources
 He opposed the “divine right of kings”
theory
 He proposed self-government

NO ONE IS DESTINED TO BE A RULER FOREVER

HERBERT SPENCER
Utilitarian Education (1820-1903)
 Utilitarianism – effort to provide an
answer to the practical question
“what ought a person to do?”
 “Survival of the Fittest”
 Knowledge through scientific and
practical objectives
 Curriculum must be arranged
according to their contribution to
human survival and progress
 Specialized Education of Spencer vs.
General Education
JOHN DEWEY  Education is a process and so school
is intimately related to the society it
Learning through Experience (1859-1952)
serves, children are a socially active
human being
 Dewey’s Educational Theory: Steps of
the Scientific and Reflective Method
1. Learner has a genuine situation of
experience
2. Within the experience the learner has a
genuine problem
3. The learner then possesses information
or does research
4. Learner develops possible and tentative
solutions
5. Learner tests the solution through
application
 Dewey does not disregard the
accumulated wisdom of the past