Victor Vroom’s

Expectancy Theory of
motivation

Administration and Management

Learning objectives
At the completion of this lesson, participants
will be able to:

1. Define what is expetancy theory

2. Explain 3 variables of expectancy theory

3. Discuss the formula of motivation

Expectancy Theory

- Developed by Victor H. Vroom in 1964

- is the belief that an individual will choose their

behaviors based on what they believe will lead
to the most beneficial outcome

- This theory is dependent on how much value

a person places on different motivations,
resulting in a decision they expect will give
them the highest return for their efforts.
Three (3) Variables in expectancy theory
3 Variables
1. Expectancy - is the belief that if you work
hard (effort) you will be able to hit the target
(performance) set by your manager

2. Instrumentality - is your assessment of how

likely you are to receive a reward if you hit the
targets that have been set for you

3. Valence -
The importance that the individual places upon
the expected outcome perceived value of the
reward
‘’The overall strength of a chain is
the strength of the weakest link.’’
‘’The overall strength of a chain is
the strength of the weakest link.’’
Expectancy Theory formula
How to use this model

- Use the model to help motivate your team members

- Make sure your promises to your team align with
company policy.
- Create challenging but achievable goals
- Set clear connections between performance and
reward
How to use this model

Takeaways: Make reward distribution fair and logical

-Rewards must be linked directly to performance

- How person's reward is chosen should be
transparent
- Reward should be deserved.
- Reward should be wanted
Vid
 Summary
Expectant Theory is a theory of motivation in
the work place.

An individual will be motivated when the

believe that they can hit their targets, they
know they will be rewarded for hitting those
targets, and the value the reward.

Reference:

Slides prepared by: Fredchell Q. Tiamson