THEORY OF DESIGN

NAME:- CHANDRASEKHAR S DOMB

ROLL NO:- 6
3RD YEAR. DIV :- B
HISTORY OF FUNCTIONALISM

• The form, shape, and appearance of buildings were modeled foremost by the style they adhered to. However,
by the end of the century there were some who opposed this idea. They believed that the function of a
building should be of utmost importance, and that the form should be based around that. This idea was
encouraged by new industrial technologies in the United States and Europe that allowed for larger structures
built of mass-produced materials like steel and plate glass. As buildings of this kind have never been created
before, there was no historic precedent and architects had to debate what styles would best fit these new
buildings. An American architect named Louis Sullivan famously proclaimed in the 1880s that ''form follows
function'', claiming that his new designs (eventually called skyscrapers) did not need elaborate facades or strict
styles. They were defined first by their function as office spaces, stores, or residences. The form and style were
based around that function. This idea became popular in the United States and Europe. The Swiss architect Le
Corbusier followed up Sullivan's mantra by defining a house as a ''machine for living'' in the 20th century.
Functionalism was on the rise, formally coming into its own by the 1930s.
CHARACTERISTICS

• Functionalism, in terms of aesthetics, is characterized by low levels of ornamentation

and extraneous decoration, as well as a prominent display of raw materials.
Following the idea that function comes first, the building materials used to make a
structure are often left uncovered and undecorated. This means that flat concrete
slabs, steel sheets, and even wood beams or floors are left exposed, meant to be
viewed exactly as they are. By the mid-20th century, these elements also represented
the mass-production of the modern era. Rather than relying on hand-crafted designs,
functionalist structures could proudly display identical, industrially-produced
elements created for their functional purpose, not their craftsmanship or design.
FUNCTIONALISM

• unctionalism Is designing According To the function of building

• Can be Traced back to vitruvian Theory of Utilitarian Architecture
• Idea by louis Sullvian And practiced by le carbusier Widely
• Associated with modern style of architecture
FEATURES OF THE FUNCTIONALISM

• Low levels of ornamentation and Extraneous decoration.

• Prominant display of raw materials.
• Form follows function i.e. The function comes first And shape is the secondary concern
• The separation Visual distinctiveness of public places and and the apartment.
PLAN
ARRANGEMEN
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ELEVATION