European Resuscitation Council

Basic Life Support

 European Resuscitation Council

Henti
Jantung

Dimanapun..
 Pendahuluan
Penyakit Jantung & Penyebab kematian
Penyebab nono
kematian 1 di
1 di
Pembuluh Darah dunia
dunia
European Resuscitation Council

Multirescuer

d
ine
coordinated
Team-

Tra
CPR
Work
hly
Hi g

Rescue 30 : 2 CPR
Breats

Hands-Only
g
inin

Chest Compressions CPR

Tra
No
 Cardiopulmonary resuscitation
{CPR}
European Resuscitation Council

• Memulihkan kembali kerja jantung dan

paru, setelah henti jantung atau kematian
mendadak yang nyata
European Resuscitation Council

Chain of Survival
 Keterlambatan BHD
European Resuscitation Council

Keterlambatan Kemungkinan
BHD berhasil

1 menit 98 dari 100

3 menit 50 dari 100
10 menit 1 dari 100
 MATI
“ILMU KEDOKTERAN”
European Resuscitation Council

MATI KLINIS MATI BIOLOGIS

 Tidak ada  Kematian sel (otak)

nafas dan nadi  Irreversibel
 Reversibel Terjadi 8 –10 menit
 Punya waktu setelah henti jantung
≤ 5 menit untuk
RJP
 Tanda-tanda mati pasti !
European Resuscitation Council

• Lebam mayat (20 – 30 menit)

• Kaku mayat (1 – 2 jam)
• Pembusukan(6 – 12 jam)
 Indikasi
European Resuscitation Council

1.Penyakit jantung
2.Sumbatan jalan nafas
3.Hipoksia (kurang Oksigen)
4.Terkena aliran listrik
5.Perdarahan
6.Keracunan
7.Alergi/syok anafilaktik
 Fase RJP
FASE 1 : Bantuan Hidup Dasar
(Basic Life Support)
European Resuscitation Council

• C (circulation) :
mengadakan sirkulasi buatan dengan kompresi
jantung paru
• A (airway) :
menjaga jalan nafas tetap terbuka
• B (breathing) :
ventilasi paru dan oksigenasi yang adekuat
• D (Defibrilation)
European Resuscitation Council

BLS
ALGORITHM
 Approach safely
Check response
European Resuscitation Council

Shout for help

Check Breath &Carotid

Pulse
30 chest compressions
Open airway

2 rescue breaths
 APPROACH SAFELY!

Approach safely
European Resuscitation Council

( JAGA Check
Check response
Respone

KEAMANAN Shout for help

Check Breath & Carotid

Penolong Pulse
Korban 30 chest compresions
Lingkungan Open airway
2 rescue breaths
European Resuscitation Council

Aman
Pastikan Lingkungan
 CHECK RESPONSE
Approach safely
Check Respone
European Resuscitation Council

Shout for help/code

Check Breath & Carotid
Pulse

30 chest compresions
Open airway
2 rescue breaths
• Menepuk-nepuk dan menggoyangkan bahu dengan lembut dan tegas / Tanya “ Apa
anda baik2 saja?”
• Memeberikan rangsang nyeri
 SHOUT FOR HELP
Approach safely
Check Respone
European Resuscitation Council

Shout for help/code

Check Breath & Carotid
Pulse

30 chest compresions
Open airway
2 rescue breaths
• Teriak minta tolong “tlg ada pasien tdk sadar di…panggilkan 118 ( 575 RSDM ),
sy sendirian
• Ambil AED (atau minta tolong seseorang untuk mengambilkan)
• Segera kembali atur posis penolong dan pasien
European Resuscitation Council
 CHECK BREATHING
• Look, listen and feel for
Approach safely
NORMAL breathing
European Resuscitation Council

• Do not confuse agonal Check Respone

breathing with NORMAL
breathing Shout for help/code
Check Breath & Carotid
Pulse

30 chest compresions
Open airway
2 rescue breaths
 Check Pulse Carotis
European Resuscitation Council

Cek nadi karotis, waktu< 10 detik, tidak ada nadi lakukan kompresi 30 x
Ada nadi,,cek nafas, tidak ada nafas beri ventilasi 10-12 X/mnt
 30 CHEST
COMPRESSIONS
Approach safely
European Resuscitation Council

Check Respone
Shout for help/code
Check Breath & Carotid
Pulse

30 chest compresions
Open airway
2 rescue breaths
 CHEST COMPRESSIONS

• Place the heel of one hand in

the centre of the chest
European Resuscitation Council

• Place other hand on top

• Interlock fingers
• Compress the chest
– Rate 100-120 min-1
– Depth 5-6 cm
– Equal compression : relaxation
• When possible change CPR
operator every 2 min
 TENTUKAN TITIK
TUMPU
Pijat Jantung
European Resuscitation Council

Depth: 2 inches / 5-6 cm

Depth: 2 inches / 5-6 cm
Minimize interruption

Full Chest Recoil

( Recoil Sempurna )
European Resuscitation Council
European Resuscitation Council

Dewasa
Anak - anak
Bayi
 OPEN
AIRWAY
Approach safely
European Resuscitation Council

Check response
Shout for help
Check Pulse Carotis
30 chest compresions
Open airway
2 rescue breaths
 OPEN AIRWAY
European Resuscitation Council

He
ad
tilt
an
d
chi
n
lift
 OPEN AIRWAY
European Resuscitation Council

Head tilt, chin lift + jaw thrust

- healthcare professionals
 RESCUE BREATHS
Approach safely
European Resuscitation Council

Check response
Shout for help
Check Pulse Carotis
30 chest compresions
Open airway
2 rescue breaths
Berikan 2 kali nafas buatan ( 1 Kali/detik), volume cukup, tdk ada
cela udara keluar
European Resuscitation Council
Lanjutan B
 PERBANDINGAN
KOMPRESI : VENTILASI
European Resuscitation Council

30 2
 AUTOMATED EXTERNAL
DEFIBRILLATOR (AED)
European Resuscitation Council

• Some AEDs will

automatically switch
themselves on when
the lid is opened
 ATTACH PADS TO
CASUALTY’S BARE CHEST
European Resuscitation Council
 ANALYSING RHYTHM
DO NOT TOUCH VICTIM
European Resuscitation Council
 SHOCK INDICATED
European Resuscitation Council

• Stand clear
• Deliver shock
 SHOCK DELIVERED
FOLLOW AED INSTRUCTIONS
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30 2
 NO SHOCK ADVISED
FOLLOW AED INSTRUCTIONS
European Resuscitation Council

30 2
 Posisi Recovery (Posisi Mantap)
European Resuscitation Council

• Posisi pulih digunakan pada korban yang

respon dengan pernafasan dan sirkulasi yang
adekuat.
• Berfungsi untuk mempertahankan patensi
jalan nafas dan mengurangi resiko obstruksi
jalan nafas dan aspirasi
European Resuscitation Council
European Resuscitation Council
 Evaluasi
Sesudah 5 siklus ventilasi dan kompresi kemudian pasien
European Resuscitation Council

dievaluasi kembali.
Jika tidak ada nadi karotis, dilakukan kembali kompresi dan
bantuan nafas dengan rasio 30:2.
Jika ada nafas dan denyut nadi teraba letakan pasien pada
posisi mantap.
Jika tidak ada nafas tetapi nadi teraba, berikan bantuan nafas
sebanyak 10- 12 x/menit dan monitor nadi setiap 2 menit
Jika sudah terdapat pernafasan spontan dan adekuat serta
nadi teraba, jaga agar jalan nafas tetap terbuka.
 KESIMPULAN
LANGKAH-LANGKAH BHD
1. Pastikan aman ( penolong, Pasien dan lingkungan)
2. Cek respon pasien
3. Panggil bantuan
European Resuscitation Council

4. Atur posisi pasien dan penolong

5. Cek nadi karotis (5-10 detik) sambil menilai status pernapasan
6. Lakukan kompresi dengan High Quality ( tentukan titik kompresi,
kedalaman dewasa 6 cm,anak 5 cm, kecepatan 100-120
x/mnt,Recoil Sempurna, Minimal Interupsi)
7. Buka jalan nafas (cross finger / finger swab,Head Tilt -Chin Lift,
Jaw Thrust ( curiga fraktur servikal)
8. Beri bantuan nafas 2 kali
9. Lakukan kompresi:ventilasi selama 5 siklus
10. Cek nadi,nadi (-) lakukan kompresi:ventilasi 5 siklus
11. Nadi(+),cek nafas,nafas (-) beri nafas buatan 10-12 X/mnt
12. Lakukan evaluasi setiap 2 menit
13. Ada nadi dan ada nafas, posisi mantap / posisi stabil
 RJP dihentikan
• Kembalinya ventilasi & sirkulasi spontan
European Resuscitation Council

• Ada yang lebih bertanggung jawab

• Penolong lelah atau sudah 30 menit
tidak ada respon.
• Tanda kematian yang irreversibel
 RJP
TIDAK DILAKUKAN
European Resuscitation Council

Tanda kematian : rigor mortis

Sebelumnya dengan fungsi vital yang sudah
sangat jelek dengan terapi maksimal ( DNR )
Bila menolong korban akan membahayakan
penolong
European Resuscitation Council

SUMBATAN JALAN NAPAS

KARENA BENDA ASING
European Resuscitation Council

ADULT FBAO TREATMENT

European Resuscitation Council
 Severe Foreign Body Airway
Obstruction (Responsive Infant)
European Resuscitation Council
 Check for expelled object
If not present, continue with next step
Roll infant face up.
European Resuscitation Council
 Check for expelled
object. If not
present, continue
with next step.
European Resuscitation Council
European Resuscitation Council

Give 5 chest thrusts. Check mouth

for expelled object.
Repeat back slaps and chest
thrusts as necessary.
European Resuscitation Council
European Resuscitation Council

HAND ONLY CPR