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 GROUP 3

99% Match 2021 15+ 3 Subtopics

Branch of biology concerned with the study of heredity and

variation, it is also a relatively young branch of biological science.

Top 3 Subtopics

1 Law of Dominance
2 Law of Segregation
3
Law of Independent Assortment
 REPORTER 1

99% Match 2021 15+

The law of independent assortment states that, the alleles

of two more genes get sorted into gametes independent of
each other. The allele received for one gene does not
influence the allele received for another gene.

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99% Match 2021 15+

Independent assortment occurs during the process of meiosis.

Meiosis is similar to mitosis, only the final product is gamete cells.
Gamete cells have half the DNA of regular, diploid cells and are
considered haploid. This is a necessary part of sexual reproduction
which allows two gamete cells to then fuse together to create a
diploid zygote, containing all the DNA necessary to create a new
organism..

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99% Match 2021 15+

• Law of Independent Assortment have a different genes and their

alleles are inherited independently within sexually reproducing
organisms.
• Maternal(female) and Paternal(male)chromosomes are genes that
independently assorted meaning that chromosomes from the
same source do not have to end up in the same gamete.

• During meiosis, chromosomes are separated into multiple

gametes. Genes linked on a chromosome can rearrange
themselves through the process of crossing-over. Therefore, each
gene is inherited independently.

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 REPORTER 4

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Mendel performed dihybrid crosses in plants that

were true breeding for two traits.

• A dihybrid cross is a cross that looks at

how two different genes are passed on from
a pair of organisms. It shows what possible combination of phenotypes for
those two traits the parents can pass on.
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• For example, a plant that had round seeds and yellow seed color
was cross-pollinated with a plant that had wrinkled seeds and green
seed color.

• In this cross, the traits for round seed shape (RR) and yellow seed
color (YY) are dominant. Wrinkled seed shape (rr) and green seed
color (yy) are recessive.

• The resulting offspring (or F1 generation) were all heterozygous for

round seed shape and yellow seeds (RrYy). This means that the
dominant traits of round seed shape and 4 yellow color completely
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masked the recessive traits in the F1 generation.
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 REPORTER 5

99% Match 2021 15+

1. Branch of Biology concerned with the study of heredity and

variation. ANSWER:Genetics

2. During meiosis , chromosomes are separate into ____ gametes.

ANSWER:Multiple
3. It is a cross that looks at how different genes are passed on from
a pair of organisms. ANSWER:Dihybrid Cross

4. The ____ received for one gene does not influence the allele for
another gene. ANSWER:Allele
5. This is a necessary part of sexual reproduction which allows two
gametes cells to then fuse together to create a diploid zygote ,
containing all the DNA necessary to create a new organism.
ANSWER:Gamete Cells EXIT