Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Rebecca Rye
1 1 November 2017
Acknowledgements
2 1 November 2017
Power Electronic Devices in Power
Systems
High Voltage
Solar farm Direct Current
(HVDC)
3 1 November 2017
Types of Shunt Devices for Voltage
Regulation Fixed Cap/ SVC STATCOM
Fixed Reactor
4 1 November 2017
Hardware-in-the-Loop (HIL) Experiments on
RTDS GTAI
RTDS
Converter
States
GTFPI Breaker
GTDI Signals
Circuit
5 1 November 2017
Introduction to the
S T ASynchronous
Static T C O M Compensator
A regulating device that can act as either a source or sink of reactive power using IGBTs
DC/AC
Multilevel converter
6 1 November 2017
Introduction to the
S T ASynchronous
Static T C O M Compensator
A regulating device that can act as either a source or sink of reactive power
7 1 November 2017
S T A T C O M RTDS
Tests
Functional Performance Tests (FPT) System diagram
- Operational behavior Voltag
e
source
Start up and shut down
V/Q characteristic
Gain controller test
Stability controller
Redundancy switchover
DC/AC
converter
8 1 November 2017
S T A T C O M RTDS Tests
Mode transfer from fixed Q (FQM) to voltage control (VCM)
Inductive Capacitive 𝑄
𝑄
9 1 November 2017
S T A T C O M RTDS
Tests System diagram
Dynamic Performance Tests (DPT)
- Transient behavior
Faults
Load switching
External transformer energization
10 1 November 2017
S T A T C O M RTDS Tests
Dynamic performance of STATCOM in phase to phase fault
t2 : STATCOM blocked
because of undervoltage
t3 : Fault is clear
STATCOM is unblocked
Digital Signals
t1 t2 t3
11 1 November 2017
Introduction to the
SVC VAR Compensator
Static
A device which regulates voltage by injecting or removing reactive
power using:
• TCR: Thyristor Controlled Reactor
• TSC: Thyristor Switched Capacitor
Light Triggered Thyristor:
V I V
②
① GATE
fires
GATE ②
①
I
fires
12 1 November 2017
Introduction to the
SVC VAR Compensator
Static
A device which regulates voltage by injecting or removing reactive power
13 1 November 2017
SVC RTDS System diagram
Tests
System Verification Tests
Voltage source
w/ impedance
Protection
25 kV bus
V-I characteristics
Faults
15 1 November 2017
SVC RTDS
Tests
Performance of SVC in phase to ground fault under voltage-control mode
1.05
1
t1 : L-G fault applied
V (pu)
0.95
0.9 V
0.85
0.8
2
Transformer Current A
t2 : SVC injects Q to
Current (kA)
1 Transformer Current B
0 Transformer Current C
-1
increase V
-2
300
200
SVC_Q t3 : Fault is clear;
Q (Mvar)
0
t4 : SVC injects less Q as
-20
-40
voltage is boosted to
0 0.05 0.1 0.15 0.2 0.25 0.3 0.35 0.4 0.45 0.5
t (s)
reference value
t1 t2 t3 t4
16 1 November 2017
V (pu)
SVC – SC Mode
ref
A SVC Dynamic
Characteristic
SVC Steady-
State
Characteristic
17 1 November 2017
SVC RTDS
Tests
Performance of SVC in phase to ground fault under susceptance-control mode
1.025
1.02
V_Actual
Qref = 50 Mvar
V (pu)
1.015
1.01
1.005
t1 : System voltage change;
1 SVC responds dynamically
0.15
I_Actual
0.12
0.09
t2 : System voltage settles;
I (kA)
80
60
40
returns to Qref value
20
0
0 20 40 60 80 100 120
t1 t2 t (s) t3
18 1 November 2017
RTDS Tests –
Conclusions
1) Real STATCOM & SVC controllers can be tested using hardware-in-the-loop technology
on RTDS racks.
2) Verified the functionality and operation of Dominion Energy’s new controllers per the
manufacturers’ specifications.
3) Understand the controllers and able to predict the response of the controllers in various
scenarios.
4) Further tested the functionality of the controllers by performing more protection
sequences and various kinds of faults in the simple model.
19 1 November 2017
Interaction of the S T A T C O M and
SVC
20 1 November 2017
Interaction Assessment of the S T A T C O M and
SVC interaction - voltage recovery time during faults
Dynamic
No STATCOM nor SVC Only STATCOM Only SVC Both STATCOM & SVC
35.00
30.00
25.00
Recover time (ms)
20.00
15.00
10.00
5.00
0.00
Bus 4 Bus 3 Bus 11 Bus 1 Bus 17
Location of recovery time
measurement
21 1 November 2017
Progress
Individual simulations of the real SVC and STATCOM controllers are completed using the RTDS
simulation equipment and hardware-in-the-loop functionality.
Operational and dynamic performances of the STATCOM and the SVC are tested and meet the
criteria from vendor reports.
Using an equivalent system model of an urban area, the STATCOM and the SVC controllers are
successfully included in the same simulation. No negative interactions are found between the SVC
and STATCOM when in close proximity.
All tests procedures & results obtained are documented; documentation can be used for training
purposes
Future work
(1) Build virtual STATCOM or SVC models in RTDS that emulate the real controller.
(2) Use the virtual models to study the interactions of multiple devices in the same network.
22 1 November 2017
Thank you!
23 1 November 2017
Appendicies
24 1 November 2017
Dominion Energy’s SVC - QCOMPONENT
Hardware 500 kV bus
Inductive
(Mvar)
Capacitive
+200
250 MVA
500 kV : 25 kV
25 kV bus +50
0
0 QSVC
+250 (Mvar)
-150 -50 0
-50
-100
-200
⃗𝐼 𝐼 𝑉𝑉
𝑉𝑉 𝑉𝑉
⃗𝐼 𝐼
⃗𝐼 𝐼
26 1 November 2017
Reactive Power for Voltage
Regulation
Original Capacitive compensation Inductive compensation
𝐿 𝐼
𝐼
𝐿 𝐿 𝐼
𝐼
𝐿 𝐿 𝐼
𝐼
𝐿
∆𝑉
𝑉 ∆𝑉
𝑉 ∆𝑉
𝑉
𝑉
𝑉
𝑔 𝐿 𝑉
𝑉
𝐿
𝑔 𝑉
𝑉
𝑔 𝑔 𝑉
𝑉
𝑔 𝑔 𝑉
𝑉
𝑔
∆𝑉
𝑉
𝐿 𝑉
𝑉
𝐿 𝐿 𝑉
𝑉
𝐿 ∆𝑉
𝑉 𝐿 𝑉
𝑉
𝐿
∆𝑉
𝑉
𝐿 𝐼
𝐼
𝐿
𝐼𝐿
𝐼𝐿
𝐿 𝐼
𝐼
𝐿
27 November 1, 2017