Dalton's Atomic

Theory

THREE LAWS OF MATTER

BASIC LAWS OF MATTER
1.Law of Conservation of Mass
-in a chemical reaction,no change
in mass takes place.The total mass of
the products is equal to the total mass
of the reactants.
-Antoine Lavoisier, a brilliant
chemist formulated this law.
Application of this law:
1.How many grams of water will be
formed if 1.0 g of hydrogen gas reacts
with 8.0g oxygen?The reaction can be
represented by the ff. word equation.
Hydrogen +oxygen- water
2.5.58g. Iron reacted with 3.21g
sulfur.how many grams of iron (II)
sulfide were produced?
iron +sulfur – iron sulfide
3.Magnesium burns in air to
form magnesium oxide,When
2.43 g Mg was burned,4.03g
MgO was produced.How many
grams of O reacted with the
magnesium?
4.Ammonia is produced by the
reaction of nitrogen with
hydrogen
nitrogen+hydrogen-ammonia
How many grams of nitrogen
combined with 50.g hydrogen is
needed to yield 283.3 g of ammonia?
Law of Definite Proportion
-a compound always contain the same constituent
element in a fixed or definite proportion by mass.

 Inthe previous set of problem, it

was seenthat 5.58 g of Fe reacted
with 3.21g S.
Based on this information,calculate
how many gramsof Fe will combine
with 80.0g sulfur.
Law of Multiple Proportions
If two elements can combine to form
more than one compound,the masses of
one element that will combine with a
fixed mass of the other element are in a
ratio of small whole numbers.
In carbon monoxide,1g combines with
1.33g O whereas in carbon dioxide ,1g of
carbon combines with 2.66g of oxygen.
What do you think is the ratio of the
elements in each compound?