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Nouns
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Objectives:
1. Understand the use of Nouns

2. Identify the important aspects Nouns

3. Differentiate types of nouns.

4. Elaborate it into article analysis.

 Discussion Points
A. Nouns Definition
B. Types of Nouns
 Concrete and Abstract
 Singular and Plural
 Possessive Nouns
 Count and Noncount
C. Basic Usage of Article
Definition
Nouns are mostly words for things and people – for
example house, tree, driver, child, water, idea, lesson.
Most nouns can come after the.

English nouns can be countable (we can say two

houses) or uncountable (we cannot say two waters).
Uncountable have no plurals, and we cannot use a/an
before them. Some English uncountable nouns are
countable in some other languages (like furniture)
 TYPES OF
NOUNS
1. Concrete and Abstract Nouns

2. Singular and Plural Nouns

3. Possessive Nouns

4. Count and Noncount Nouns

Concrete and
Abstract
Nouns
 ◤ Concrete Nouns

A concrete noun is a noun that can be identified through one

of the five senses (taste, touch, sight, hearing, or smell).
Example:

1. Would someone please answer the phone?

2. What is that noise?
3. After his retirement, Mr. Bond pursued his dream
of photographing rainbows.
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Abstract Nouns

An abstract noun is a noun that cannot be perceived using

one of the five senses (i.e., taste, touch, sight, hearing,
smelling). Look at the examples below:
1. We can’t imagine the courage it took to do that.

2. Early paleontologists assumed that the small brains of

some dinosaurs indicated stupidity of the species.
3. fligher education is strongly recommended.
Singular and
Plural
Nouns
 Singular and Plural
The singular form is a type of noun that refers to just
one person or thing. The plural form is a type of noun
that refers to two or more person or things.
One car – two cars One day – ten days
One baby – four babies One child – six children
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How to make plurals

A. The plural of most nouns is B. Final -es added to nouns that end in
formed by adding final -s. -sh, -ch, s, -z and -x.

Examples: Examples:

One bird – two birds One One dish – two dishes

street – two streets One One match – two matches

rose – two roses One class – two classes One

box – two boxes

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C. The plural or words that end in a D. If a noun ends in -fe or -f, change
consonant + -y, change the -y to -i the ending to -ves. (Exceptions:
and add -es. beliefs, chiefs, roofs, cuffs, cliffs)
Examples: Examples:
One baby – two babies One knife – two knives
One city – two cities
One shelf – two selves
If -y is preceded by a
vowel, add
only -s.

Examples:

One toy – one toys

One key – one keys

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F. Some nouns have irregular plural
forms.

Examples:
E. The plural form of nouns that end
in -o sometimes -oes and sometimes One child – two children
-os.
One man – two men
Examples:
One foot – two feet One
One tomato – two tomatoes
mouse – two mice
One zoo – two zoos
One goose – two geese

One tooth – two teeth

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G. The plural form of some nouns is
the same as the singular form.
Examples:
One deer – two deer
One fish – two fish
One sheep – two
sheep
H. Some nouns that English has
borrowed from other languages have
foreign plurals.
Examples:
One bacterium – two bacteria
One cactus – two cacti
One crisis – two crises

One species – two One phenomenon – two

species phenomena
Possessiv e
Nouns
To show possession, add
an apostrophe (‘) and -s
to a singular noun: The
girl’s book is on the
table.
If a singular noun ends in -s, there are
two possible forms:
1. Add an apostrophe and -s: Thomas’s book.
2. Add only apostrophe: Thomas’ book.
 Add only an apostrophe to a plural noun that ends in -s:
The girls’ books are on the table. Add an apostrophe and
-s to plural nouns that do not end in -s: The men’s
books are
on the
table.
Count and
Noncount
Nouns
Count nouns are words like car, book, chair. They are the
name of things that you can count: you can say ‘one
car’,
‘two books’, ‘three chairs’. They can be singular (a cat,
one book) or plural (two chairs, lots of books).

Noncount nouns are words like smoke, rice, water,

petrol.
These are things that you can’t count: you can say
‘smoke’ but not ‘one smoke’ or ‘two rices’ or ‘three
waters’. Noncount nouns are only singular.
The Basic
Usage
of
Articles
A /an shows that we are talking about one person or
thing. We often use a/an:
- She’s an interesting
person.
- fle’s got a loud voice
The basic rule of using articles:
1.Using A or Ǿ: Generic Nouns

-A banana is yellow. (singular count noun)

- Ǿ bananas are yellow. (Plural count noun)
- Ǿ fruit is good for you. (noncount noun)
2. Using A or Some: I ndefinite N ouns
- A banana is yellow. (singular count noun)
- Ǿ bananas are yellow. (Plural count noun)
- Ǿ fruit is good for you. (noncount noun)
3. Using T H E : definite nouns
- Thank you for the banana. (singular count noun)
- Thank you for the bananas. (plural count noun)
- Thank you for the fruit. (noncount noun)