Problem Statement: Designing of Pump System For Multi Story Residential Building

Problem Statement
Designing of Pump System for Multi Story Residential

Building
1
Pumping System Drawing
Material Selection for Pipe
Contents METHADOLOGY
Assumptions
Loses , Friction factors and

Pump Head
2
Drawing Material Selection Assumptions Calculated Parameters
Pumping System Drawing

 “B” shows the bends. The
B-1 shows the threaded
90degree round edge bend.
B-2 shows the 90 degree
flanged round edges bend.
 “V” shows the valve and
all bends are fully open
ball valves.
3
Material Selection
 On the basis of roughness value we
select the material.
 The suitable pipe materials to be
used for this system are commercial
steel due to strong properties against
corrosion and cast iron due to its
ease of availability and their
roughness values are also
considerable.
4
Design for 3 different pipe diameters
 We considered;
 Suction pipe has diameter (from underground tank to pump inlet) = 1inch
 The diameter of pipe from pump outlet to flanged bend (B-2) = 3/4inch
 The diameter of pipe from B-2 to roof tank inlet = 0.5inch
5
Pipe Length Assumptions

 We consider the length of the 1inch pipe is 0.5m having one opening value
in it at the inlet of the pump. The length of the 0.75inch pipe is 1.15m
having one valve, one 90degree round edge bend and other one is 90 degree
flanged round edges bend. The length of the 0.5inch pipe is 1m having one
valve at the inlet of roof tank.
6
Fitting Assumptions
Now we assume that the water is inlet and exit
through the sharp-edged of the pipe. The fully
open ball valves are considered. The B-1 bend
is considered to be threaded 90-degree smooth
bend while other is flanged 90-degree smooth
bend (B-2).
7
Fitting Assumptions
Now we assume that the water is inlet and exit
through the sharp-edged of the pipe. The fully
open ball valves are considered. The B-1 bend
is considered to be threaded 90-degree smooth
bend while other is flanged 90-degree smooth
bend (B-2).
8
Losses in Pump
There are two types of losses in pipe flow;
 Major losses
 Minor losses
The major losses are related to fictional losses during the flow of liquid
through the pipe while the minor losses show the losses across the sudden
expansion, contractions, bends, fittings and any obstruction in the pipe.
9
Major Losses in Pump

 The major losses are depending upon the reynold number of the flow
which is given as;
Here, Re= reynold number, Vavg is the average velocity, L is characteristic

length which for circular is equal to D and is kinematic viscosity of fluid.
 The friction factor in fully developed turbulent pipe flow depends on the
Reynolds number and the relative roughness , which is the ratio of the mean
height of roughness of the pipe to the pipe diameter.
10
Friction Factors in Pipes

 The friction factor could be find through the Darcy-Weisbach equation
which is given below
hf = head loss due to friction, f = friction factor

16
f  for Re <2000 (Viscous Flow)
Re
0.079
f  for 4000< Re <106 (Turbulent flow)
Re1/4
11
Friction Factors in Pipes

 The friction factor could also be
find through the Moody chart or
Moody diagram is a graph in
non-dimensional form that
relates the Darcy-Weisbach
friction factor, reynolds number,
and surface roughness for fully
developed flow in a circular pipe.
12
Frictional factor for 1,0.5 and 0.75inch pipes;

 First we will calculate the reynold number for pipe flow. The first given flow rate
is 0.3L/s (0.0003m3/s). Considering the volume flow rate formula;
Q
V1" 
A1"
Q 0.003  4
 =
 2
 D 21"   0.0254 V0.5" = 2.369431m/s Re0.5" = 29971.89 f 0.5" = 0.006004
4
= 0.592358 m/s V0.75" = 1.053081m/s , Re0.75" = 19981.26 , f0.75" = 0.006645
0.592358  0.0254
Re 
0.000001004
= 14985.95 >4000 thus flow is turbulent
0.079
f1" 
14985.950.25
= 0.00714
13
Flowrates Calculations
 Consider water density=1000 kg/m3
 The tank capacity =27 1000 =27000 kg
 Roof storage tank dimensions = 1m 2 m
 Volume of roof tank = = 3.142 0.52 2 =1.57m3
 Water holding capacity of both tanks =1.57 1000 2 =3140Kg
 Pump flow capacity =0.3 liter/s
 Time required to fill the tanks =3140/(0.3 3600) = 2.90 hours
 Let us assume water consumption rate of each level is around 1000 liters per day
 So total water consumption of the building = 5 1000 = 5000 liters
 Then pumps operation time = 5000/(0.3 3600) = 4.62 hours
 So pump can be operated twice in a day 2.31 hours on each time
14
Head Loss Calculation

 The total head loss is calculated as;
The KL is different for bends and valves. As the 1inch pipe has the entrance of the
water and one valve in its way so it will have two values of loss coefficient.
V2
hL,min or ,0.5"  ( K L,exit  K L,Valve )
2g
hL,min or  hL,min or ,1"  hL,min or ,0.75"  hL,min or ,0.5"
= 0.048734+ 0.070654+ 0.300454
= 0.419842m
15
Head Loss
 The total minor head loss is calculated as;
L1"V1"2 L0.75"V0.75"2 L0.5"V0.5"2
hL,min or  f1"  f 0.75"  f0.5"
D1" 2 g D0.75" 2 g D0.5" 2 g
0.5  0.5922 15.5  1.0532 0.5  2.362

 0.00714  0.006004  0.006645
0.0254  2  9.81 0.01905  2  9.81 0.0127  2  9.81
= 0.353497m
Thus total head loss;
hL,total  hL,major  hL,min or
= 0.353497m + 0.419842m
= 0.77334m
16
Pump Head
 When a piping system involves a pump and/or turbine, the steady-flow energy
equation on a unit-mass basis can be expressed as
P1 V12 P2 V22
 1  z1  h pump,u   1  z2  hturbine,e  hL,total
g 2g g 2g
head of turbine =0 and we considered the point 1 at the underground tank and point 2 at the roof
tank. And V1, V2 will be zero. Thus the equation becomes;
Total height of the building = 5 levels  3m =15m

Total height of the building including water storage tanks =15+2 = 17 meters
Here water level is below the pump so pump has negative suction of 3 meters. Put all values in
equation (6), we get;
 (17  ( 3))  0.77334

h pump = 20.77334m
17
Selection Pump
 To model a pump in a system, engineers
commonly use a graphical solution. Hence, for
any given discharge, a certain head (hp) must be
supplied to maintain that flow. Thus, construct a
head-versus-discharge curve.
 A pump is not installed on the system will not
work at an arbitrary point. It will operate at the
point where pump and system characteristic
curves intersect. Normally we want to operating
close to the BEP (design point). However, the
BEP is not always the most economical point as
far as power consumption is concerned, i.e. BEP
is not necessarily the minimum point.
18
Selection Pump
W pump ,u   gVh

pump
 gVh
 pump
 1000  9.81 0.0003  20.77334 W motor ,u 
= 61.13594kW
 pump  motor
 pump  motor   pump motor 1000  9.81 0.0003  20.77334

W motor 
0.63
 0.7  0.9  0.63
= 97.04117kW
19
Estimate the force required to fix the supply pipe

The inertial force is the force which will be applied to the wall while supplying the
water to the roof tank which is calculated as;
 1000  2.432  16.52

Finertial  1614.562kN
Therefore, to compensate the inertial force of the flowing water the pipe should be
clamped carefully and tightly so that the vibrational effects does not loss the
tightening of the pipe.
20
Study the Effect of Additional Different Flow Rates

The all calculations for the flow rate of 0.1 and 0.5liter/s are also given the excel
sheet and the minor losses, major loses, friction factors and head values are
calculated against them. So it is observed that by increasing the flow rate, all the
losses will be increases therefore, the head loss will also increase and in this result
the load on the pump increases. By increasing the flow rate, the inertial force will
also increase and higher flow rates would result in the increments of the vibrational
forces in the system. All values corresponding to given flow rates are calculated in
the excel sheet.
21

Problem Statement: Designing of Pump System For Multi Story Residential Building

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Problem Statement: Designing of Pump System For Multi Story Residential Building

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Problem Statement

Designing of Pump System for Multi Story Residential

Material Selection for Pipe

Loses , Friction factors and

Pumping System Drawing

Design for 3 different pipe diameters

 The diameter of pipe from B-2 to roof tank inlet = 0.5inch

Pipe Length Assumptions

Major Losses in Pump

Here, Re= reynold number, Vavg is the average velocity, L is characteristic

Friction Factors in Pipes

hf = head loss due to friction, f = friction factor

Friction Factors in Pipes

Frictional factor for 1,0.5 and 0.75inch pipes;

Head Loss Calculation

0.5  0.5922 15.5  1.0532 0.5  2.362

Total height of the building = 5 levels  3m =15m

 (17  ( 3))  0.77334

 pump  motor   pump motor 1000  9.81 0.0003  20.77334

Estimate the force required to fix the supply pipe

 1000  2.432  16.52

Study the Effect of Additional Different Flow Rates

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