WELCOME

Civil Engineering Advancements

Jester F. Fajelagmago
Jimbert Jesus DC. Ramirez II
 Structural
Engineering
Geotechnical Coastal
Engineering Engineering

Earthquake Environmental Tunnel

Engineering

Engineering
Engineering

earthquake engineering research

about
is to improve the state of Transportation Civil Earthquake
knowledge, through fundamental Engineering
Engineering Engineering

and applied research, to help

decision-makers reduce seismic
hazards. is a multi-phased Water
process that ranges from the Resource
Municipal
Engineering
Engineering
description of earthquake
sources, to characterization of
site effects and structural Material
Engineering
Surveying

response, and to description of Construction

Engineering
measures of seismic protection.
2004 Sumatra-Andaman Earthquake & Tsunami
-Known as 2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami

-Worst tsunami disaster in the world’s history

-200,000+ casualties

history
Magnitude of 9.1 (United States Geological
Survey: USGS

-tsunami first attacked Banda Aceh and other

coastal villages of Sumatra Island in Indonesia
causing 160,000 casualties

-The tsunami then reached the coasts of

Thailand (casualty 8000), Sri Lanka (35,000)
and India (16,000) within approximately two
hours, and 300 casualties in Somalia.
The 2011 Tohoku Earthquake & Tsunami
-Northern coast of Honshu, Japan, on 11 March
2011

-approximately 18,500 dead and missing

persons

history
-Magnitude of 9.1 (United States Geological
Survey: USGS

-Largest magnitude in the history of Japan

-This earthquake was also an interplate

earthquake with a thrust-type fault motion.
The 10 Most Powerful Earthquakes in Earth History
Valdivia Earthquake (1960)– 9.5Also known as the Great Chilean Earthquake Sumatra Earthquake (2004)– 9.1Also known as Indian Ocean Earthquake

history
Great Alaska Earthquake (1964)– 9.2Also known as the Good Friday Tohoku Earthquake (2011) – 9.1
Earthquake
Kamchatka, Russia Earthquake Ecuador-Colombia Assam-Tibet Earthquake (1950)
(1952) – 9.0 Earthquake(1906)– 8.8 – 8.6

history
Maule(Chile) Earthquake Rat Islands Earthquake(1965) – 8.7 Sumatra Earthquake (2012)– 8.6
(2010)– 8.8
The PACIFIC Ring of Also referred to as the Circum-Pacific Belt, is a path along the Pacific
Ocean characterized by active volcanoes and frequent earthquakes.

Fire
Plate Boundaries -Tectonic Plate Map The movement of Earth's tectonic plates shape the
planet's surface.
Five Major Deadlieast Earthquakes in the Philippines
Faultlines in the
Western Philippine Fault
Philippines
Eastern Philippine Fault
South of Mindanao Fault
Central Philippine Fault
Marikina/Valley Fault
timeline
Recent Developments
Progress in seismology Progress in tsunami science

-implementation of earthquake early warning. -accurate modeling of tsunami source such as

contribution of horizontal components or “tsunami
-real-time estimation of earthquake source earthquakes”.
parameters and tsunami potential.

Advancements
-development of new types of offshore and deep
-paleoseismological studies on past earthquakes and ocean tsunami observation systems such as GPS
tsunamis. buoys or bottom pressure gauges.

-studies of probable maximum size. deployments of DART gauges in the Pacific and
other oceans.
-recurrence variability, and long-term forecast of
large earthquakes in subduction zones. -improvements in tsunami propagation modeling.

-real-time inversion or data assimilation for the

tsunami warning.
GPS Buoys How DART buoys
works?

Advancements
 Recent Innovations
Lead-Rubber Bearings Working principle of lead rubber bearing.

Innovations
-also called lead core rubber bearing, LNR
rubber bearing, has similar structure with
high damping rubber bearing. It is an
important component of seismic isolation
bearing. It is composed of laminated rubber
bearing and lead core. The lead core can
not only bear the heavy load and horizontal
force, but also absorb energy through
plastic deformation of hysteresis damping.
 Steel Plate Shear Walls

-considered a promising alternative to

conventional earthquake-resistant
systems that are being used in many
high-risk seismic regions. These walls
are designed to limit lateral force in
buildings by using steel shear walls
that absorb stress and bend but do not
entirely buckle under pressure.
 Controlled Rocking

Controlled rocking systems prevent

damage by minimizing the drifts that
occur in a structure during an
earthquake. These high-performance
systems utilize braced steel frames that
have elastic properties; this allows the
steel frames to rock upon their
foundation.
 Tuned Mass Dampers

Controlled rocking systems prevent

damage by minimizing the drifts that
occur in a structure during an
earthquake. These high-performance
systems utilize braced steel frames that
have elastic properties; this allows the
steel frames to rock upon their
foundation.
 Seismic Cloaking

-Concentric plastic rings are installed

underground in the top of three feet of
soil
-Harder layers are further from the
building, each time the wave hits a
softer layer it is deflected off its initial
path.
-Once passed the building the wave
can continue on their path.
Thank you!