MEASL

ES
 DEFINITION
An acute and highly contagious viral
disease characterized by fever, runny
nose, cough, red eyes, and a spreading skin
rash. Measles, also known as rubeola, is
a potentially disastrous disease. Measles
is caused by morbillivirus.
 RISK FACTORS
 Lack of vaccination
 Vitamin A defficiency
 Immunocompromised
Individual
 Pregnant women
 Very young
 Very old
 SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS
 Runny or blocked nose
 Sneezing
 Watery eyes
 Swollen eyelids
 White spots inside the mouth
 Sore throat
 Cough
 Fever
 Tiredness, irritability, and general lack of
energy
 DISEASE PROCESS
The measles virus is transmitted by air as droplets
infect the respiratory system; it is manifested in a
widespread skin rash. The measles virus is transmitted
via the respiratory route and replicates in the
nasopharynx and regional lymph nodes within 2 to 3
days after exposure. A secondary viremia occurs 1
week later and is spread to nearby tissues. The
incubation period from exposure to prodrome (early
stage of symptoms indicating a disease) is 10 to 12
days, with the onset of rash within 14 to 21 days.
 MODE OF
TRANSMISSION
The virus is transmitted by direct
contact with infectious droplets or by
airborne spread when an infected
person breathes, coughs, or sneezes.
Measles virus can remain infectious in
the air for up to two hours after an
infected person leaves an area.
 PREVENTION
 Getting vaccinated is the best way to prevent measles.
 Two doses of the measles vaccine are 97% effective at preventing measles
infection.

There are two vaccines available:

MMR vaccine- is a three-in-one vaccination that can protect you from

measles, mumps, and rubella.
MMRV vaccine- protects against the same infections as the MMR vaccine
and also includes protection against chickenpox.

 Practice good hand hygiene. Wash your hands before eating, after using
the bathroom, and before touching your face, mouth, or nose.
 Don’t share personal items with people who may be ill. This can include
things like eating utensils, drinking glasses, and toothbrushes.
 Avoid coming into contact with people who are sick
 TREATMENT
 Acetaminophen (tylenol) or ibuprofen
(advil) to reduce fever
 Rest to help boost your immune system
 Plenty of fluids
 A humidifier to ease a cough and sore
throat
 Vitamin A supplements
Measles
THANK YOU!