Drug Education

Prevention of Substance Use and Abuse

Drug Scenario in the
Philippines
Buzz Time
 In the year 2004, an estimate of 6.7 million
users were recorded in the country.
The Following reasons were given for the
decline:
1. Operations conducted by different
enforcing agencies such as PNP, NBI and PDEA.
2. Strict implementation of policies under
the “Dangerous Act of 200
3. Actualization of the Dangerous Drug’s
Board programs and projects.
Profile of Filipino Drug Users
 Common Concepts in Drug
Education
 Drugs - are any substances or chemicals which
when taken into the body may have psychological,
emotional and behavioral effects on a person.

 Drugs of abuse -are drugs commonly abused by

users.

 Drug dependence - is a cluster variable intensity in

which the use of a drug takes on a high priority
thereby creating a strong desire to take the
substance.
 Common Concepts in Drug
Education
 Drug Misuse – the use of substance inconsistent
with the prescribed dosage.

 Drug Abuse – the use substance for non – medical

use.

 Drug Tolerance – to adapt to the effects od

substances to the body thus requiring even larger
amount of the substance.
The Risk and Protective
Factors of Using Drugs
Drug use, misuse and abuse influences
the different domains of life
 PERSONAL (Early Aggressive
Behavior vs. Self-control)

Risk Factors Protective Factors

 Use of drugs at an early  Self-control behavior
age  Good reasoning skills
 Risk taking behavior  Excellent social skills
 Experimentation  Positive interaction with
 Poor social skills and
interaction
 FAMILY (Weak Parental Guidance vs.
Strong Parental Guidance)

Risk Factors Protective Factors

 History and patterns of  Good communication
drug use with people
 Attitudes toward drug  Positive family
use relationship
 Poor parenting and  Strong family values
child rearing
 PEERS AND FRIENDS (Substance
Abuse vs. Academic Excellence)

Risk Factors Protective Factors

 Association with peers  Association with peers
and friends known to and friends who do not
use gateway drugs use gateway drugs
 Preference to stay with  Reliance on friends for
peers and friends than emotional support
with family  Inviting friends at home
to know the family
 SCHOOL (Availability of Drugs vs.
Strong Anti-Drug Policies)

Risk Factors Protective Factors

 Poor academic  Shows interest in
performance attending classes
 Lack of commitment to  Good to excellent
studies academic performance
 Poor attendance in
school
 COMMUNITY (Poverty vs. Strong
Community Relationship)

Risk Factors Protective Factors

 Easy access to gateway  Strong community
drugs relationships
 Poor community  Positive attitudes which
relationship combat dug abuse
 Poor implementation  Strong community
of community laws advocacy against drugs
Drugs of Abuse
 The six classifications of
drugs are the following:
A. Gateway drugs
- drugs such as cigarettes and alcohol are
legal drugs that a non-drug user might try,
which can lead him/her to more dangerous
drugs
B. Depressant drugs
- drugs that slows down the Central Nervous
System. Drugs that helps a person to be less
angry, less stressed and less tensed.
- it includes :
a. alcohol
b. barbiturates
c. tranquilizers
C. Stimulant drugs
- speeds up a person’s central nervous system
thus making the person’s energy high. Negative
effects include depression and tiredness.
- it includes:
a. shabu
b. cocaine and caffeine
c. nicotine
D. Narcotics
- drugs which relieve pain and induce
sleepiness.
- it includes :
a. cocaine
b. heroin
c. marijuana
E. Hallucinogens
- drugs which distorts reality and facts. It makes
the user see things that don’t exist in time being.
- it includes :
a. lysergic acid diethylamide
b. psilocybin
c. mescaline
F. Inhalants
- are found in ordinary household chemical
products and anaesthetics.
- it includes:
a. acetone
b. rugby
c. spray paint
d. freon
Myths, Misconceptions,
Signs and Symptoms of
Drug Abuse
Myths and Misconceptions Facts about Drugs of Abuse
Drugs of abuse improve Drugs of abuse do not
memory. improve memory.
Drug of abuse help in the Drugs do not help in the
digestion of food. digestion of food.
Drugs of abuse can make a Drugs of abuse place a user
person bold and brave. in a dangerous and
life-threatening situation.
Drugs of abuse remove Drugs of abuse worsen life’s
life’s problems and worries. problems and worries.
Drugs of abuse heat up the Drugs of abuse do not heat
body. up the body; instead
they make the body lose
heat faster than normal.
Profile of a Drug Abuser
 Below are some symptoms of dug use:
1. Declining interest in work and studies
2. Paranoia
3. Severe feeling of depression
4. Lousy physical appearance
5. Reddish eyes
6. Sudden loss of weight
7. Convulsions
8. Brown stains on fingertips
9. Foul body smell
Short Term and Long Term
Effects of Substance
Use and Abuse
 Gateway Drugs
Alcohol

 Short Term Effects  Long Term Effects

- Headache and light - Damage of organs

headedness like liver, heart, colon and
- Slurred speech brain
- Slow body reflex, - Cancer
senses and - Cardiovascular
coordination diseases
- Cirrhosis of the liver
 Gateway Drugs
Tobacco

 Short Term Effects  Long Term Effects

-Stress - Development of
- Rapid heart rate and asthma
pulse rate - Atherosclerosis
- Persistent cough - Cardiovascular
- Difficulty in diseases
breathing
 Gateway Drugs
Tobacco

 Short Term Effects  Long Term Effects

-Stress - Development of
- Rapid heart rate and asthma
pulse rate - Atherosclerosis
- Persistent cough - Cardiovascular
- Difficulty in breathing diseases
 Depressants
 Short Term Effects  Long Term Effects

-Slow brain function - Agitation and

- Slow pulse rate and aggressive behaviors
heart rate - Depression leading to
- Low blood mental disorders
pressure - Hypertension or high
blood pressure
- Cardiovascular diseases
 Stimulants
 Short Term Effects  Long Term Effects

- Increased heart rate - Paranoia

and pulse rate - Heart attack
- Increased respiration - Brain stroke
(breathing) rate
- Brain damage
- Increased digestive
processes
- Increased blood
pressure
 Narcotics
 Short Term Effects  Long Term Effects

- Euphoria - Flashback (effects of

- Hallucinations the drug comes back after
- Poor judgment of a long time of not using it)
time and distance - Increased blood
- Inability to sleep pressure
- Brain damage
 Inhalants
 Short Term Effects  Long Term Effects

- Slurred speech - Loss of hearing

- Poor coordination - Uncontrolled muscle
- Euphoria spasms
- Dizziness and nausea - Brain damage
Prevention and Control of
Substance Use and
Abuse
Factors you need to fight drug use:
1. Loving and caring family
2. Involvement in sports
3. Positive outlook in life
4. Having responsible adult role model
5. Caring and supportive friends
6. Always having the right attitude
7. Development of talents and skills
Steps on Drug Abuse and
Rehabilitation

Treatment and Rehabilitation can be:

A. Voluntary - means the drug dependent
decides on his/her own to be examined
B. Voluntary thru representations - means the
drug dependent is willing but wants to be
represented by an immediate family member
C. Compulsory confinement - means the drug
dependent needs to be confined as the condition is
life-threatening
Mode of Treatment
Eclectic Approach
- uses a holistic approach in the treatment
process.

Spiritual Approach
- uses Bible teachings as a source of inspiration
to change the drug dependent.
Mode of Treatment
Therapeutic Community Approach
-The treatment is a highly structured program
wherein the community is used to foster change in
attitude and behavior.

Hazelden – Minnesotta Approach

- teaches a set of values and beliefs about the
powerlessness of persons over drugs.
Mode of Treatment
Multidisciplinary Team Approach
- utilizes professional skills of a team composed
of psychiatrists, psychologists, social workers,
occupational therapists.