DANGEROUS DRUGS ACT - REVIEWER

Republic Act 9165

Comprehensive Dangerous Drugs Act of 2002

- PGMA signed RA 9165 on June 7, 2002 and it took effect on July 4, 2002.
- Signed June 7, 2002
- Published June 19, 2002
- Took effect July 4, 2002

 Re-organization of the Philippine Drug Enforcement System

 Re-organization of the new Dangerous Drugs Board (DDB) as the policy and strategy formulating
body.
 Creation of:
o The Philippine Drug Enforcement Agency (PDEA) as its implementing arm.
o Philippine Drug Enforcement Agency
- A regular law enforcement agency.
- Implementing arm of the DDB.
- Responsible for efficient and effective law enforcement of all provisions on any
dangerous drug and/or controlled precursor and essential chemicals

WHY SHOULD WE AVOID DANGEROUS DRUGS?

- Illegal – Prohibited by law (RA 9165)

- Health – Damages our brain and body
- Psycho-social – Destroys one’s behavior and causes one to commit crime
- Spiritual – Against the will of God

Therefore, drug abuse is everybody’s concern

WHAT IS DRUG?

- A drug is a chemical substance that brings about physical, emotional or behavioral change in a
person taking it.
- Is any substance other than food or water that is intended to be taken or administered for the
purpose of altering, sustaining or controlling the recipients physical, mental or emotional state

WHAT IS DRUG ABUSE?

- Drug abuse is the use of any chemical substance, licit or illicit, resulting to individual’s physical,
mental, or social impairment.
- It may refer to any of the following practices:
 o Using, without benefit or prescription, useful drugs which have the capacity to alter the
mood or behavior.
o Using drugs and substances for a purpose different from the one from which the drug
has been prescribed.
o Using drugs and substances having no legitimate medical application or purposes other
than research.

PROFILE OF DRUG USERS as per DDB (Facility Based) (2008)

 SEX: Ratio of male to female is 9:1

 CIVIL STATUS: Single 56.94%
 EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT: High School level 30.62%
 STATUS OF EMPLOYMENT: Unemployed (32.82%)
 PLACE OF RESIDENCE: Urban (Specifically NCR)
 DURATION OF DRUG – TAKING: More than six (6) years
 NATURE OF DRUG – TAKING: Poly drug use

A. ORIGIN

Natural - anything that comes from nature.( Plants (Marijuana)

Synthetic - anything that is produced artificially or processed in the laboratory.( Ecstasy & Shabu)

Classification of Drugs

(Pharmacological Classifications of Drugs)

1. STIMULANTS: Also known as “uppers”,Any of a group of drugs that excite the central nervous system.
It increases alertness, alleviate fatigue, reduce hunger and provide a feeling of well-being. Ex. Cocaine,
Methamphetamine (SHABU)

2. DEPRESSANTS: also called as “downers” or “barbs”, any drug or chemical that decreases the activity of
any bodily function. The term is most often used to refer to drugs that reduce the activity of the central
nervous system, Ex: Sedatives, Sleeping Pills, Tranquilizers

3. HALLUCINOGENS: Also called “psychedelics “First developed as appetite suppressant

Any natural or synthetic psychoactive drugs that produce marked distortion of the senses and changes
in perception Ex: MJ, LSD, Ecstasy, Ketamine.
DRUGS OF ABUSE – number 1 Shabu

CONTENSTS:

• Ephedrine - (Classified as Dangerous Drugs) Main ingredient of Shabu causing brain damage

• Toluene – Chemical used for paints, adhesives, etc.

• Acetone – Nail cleaner

• Lithium Batteries – Cancer causing component

• Battery Acid – Corrosive chemical

• Drain Cleaner – Liquid Soap

• Hydrochloric Acid – (Muriatic Acid)

• Chloroform – Cancer causing solvent

IMMEDIATE EFFECTS

1. Produces anxiety, tension, irritability, irrational behavior, talkativeness, and loss of self- control.
2. Results in loss of appetite and inability to sleep.
3. Euphoria, elation.
4. Can lead to acute psychotic reactions, violent and destructive behavior and recklessness that
may result in accidents.
5. Includes chest pain, irregularity of heart beat, elevated or lowered blood pressure, evidence of
weight loss, convulsion and death from cardiac arrest.

LONG TERM EFFECTS

- Prolonged use or even a single exposure, especially if administrated intravenously, can lead to
manifestations of a full blown “psychosis” which is similar to schizophrenia characterized by the
presence of paranoid delusions, auditory and visual hallucinations. The paranoia may lead to
violent and aggressive behavior.

DRUGS OF ABUSE – number 2 Marijuana or Cannabis Sativa

IMMEDIATE EFFECTS

 Hallucinations/illusions
 Faster heart beat and pulse rate
 Bloodshot Eye/blurred vision/Rapid Eye Movement (REM)
 Dry mouth and throat
 Forgetfulness/inability to think
  Altered sense of time/ disorientation
 Impaired reflexes coordination and concentration
 Acute panic anxiety reaction
 “Food-trip” & sleepiness (MJ)

LONG TERM EFFECTS

 Severe irritation of the nasal passages that leads to frequent nose bleeding.
 Renal damages, heart disease and strokes
 Psychiatric consequences
 Gateway drug that may lead to poly-drug use.

Drugs of Abuse- number 3 Inhalants

- Volatile chemical substances that contains psycho-active (mind/mood altering) vapors producing
a state of intoxication.
- Ex: Glue and Adhesive Cement / Rugby / Super Glue / Thinner

Immediate Effects:

• Prone to bleeding and bruises

• Loss of memory

• Difficulty in learning and seeing things clearly

• Loss of bodily control

• Cramps, pains and bad cough

LONG TERM EFFECT

• Permanent damage to brain, liver and kidneys

WITHDRAWAL SYMPTOMS

• Anxiety, depression and irritability

• Aggressive behavior

• Dizziness, shaking and nausea

• Insomnia

Other Drugs of Abuse

Ecstacy

SLEEPING PILLS

BENZODIAZEPINES – commonly known as tranquilizers and sleeping pills. They are classified as short,
medium and long acting. This relates to the length of the drug action in the body. Length of action can
also be influenced by the health of a person’s liver, age and weight.

- A.K.A. Valium, Ativan, Nubain, etc.

WHAT IS TOBACCO?

- Tobacco means the curved leaves of the tobacco plant “nicotiana tobacu” which contains a very
potent ingredient called nicotine.

CONTENTS OF TOBACCO SMOKE

Nicotine- Important active ingredients which is a very addictive and toxic (poisonous) substance.

Tar- Substance left behind on the filter by the tobacco smoke, known to be strong associated with cancer
and aggravates bronchial and other respiratory diseases

CARBON MONOXIDE- Gaseous product of incomplete combustion it is also known as a poisonous

emission from the exhaust of motor vehicles, which in effect decreases the amount of oxygen in the
blood.

CIGARETTE CONTENTS

Ammonia – used to clean bathrooms.

Cadmium – component of car battery

Carbon Monoxide – from car / factory exhaust

Nicotine – used as a mixture in insecticide.

Tar – ingredients for asphalt

Vinyl Chloride – used for plastic manufacture

Cyanide – poison gas used by Hitler in his concentration camps.

DDT – used to kill cockroach.

Formaldehyde (Formalin) – used for embalming.

OTHERS: acetic acid, methane (sewer gas), arsenic (poison), carbon monoxide, rocket fuel, paint, toilet
cleaner (ammonia), insecticide, Industrial solvent, candle wax, cadmium (batteries), butane (lighter fluid)
Immediate Effects

 Smelly breath, hair and clothes

 Stained teeth and fingers
 Increase heart rate, breathing rate and blood pressure
 Reduced blood supply to extremities (hands and feet because the blood vessel are constricted)
 Stimulated central nervous system
 Smoking exposes “the smokers” and others to health risks

Long Term Effects

 Sickness
 Heart Attack
 Cancer
 Bronchitis and Emphysema
 Ulcers
 Infertility

REASONS WHY PEOPLE TURN TO DRUGS:

 Family Problems
 Parents who always quarrel in front of the children.
 Irresponsible parents who don’t have time for their children.
 Peer Pressure/Curiosity
 BAD Influence by friends.
 Weak Personality, Desire to Escape From Reality
 Lack of self-confidence and inferiority complex.
 Weak Personality, Desire to Escape From Reality

COMMON SIGNS OF DRUG ABUSE:

 Changes in Mood – depending on the drug taken.

 Example: depressed or becoming elated and euphoric.
 Stealing items which can be readily sold for cash (to support a drug habit)
 Association with known drug abusers
 Change from normal capabilities (work habits, efficiency, etc.)
 Change in attendance at work or school.
 Wearing sunglasses constantly at inappropriate times (for instance, indoors or at night) or only
to hide dilated or constricted pupils but also to compensate for the eyes’ inability to adjust to
sunlight. Marijuana causes bloodshot eyes.
PROCEDURES AND REQUIREMENTS

a. The informant is not a member of the DDB and its secretariat, PDEA, PNP, AFP, NBI, PCG, BuCus or any
government agency exercising law enforcement function.

b. The Information Report Form (IRF) containing the detailed information on illegal drug activity must
reach the PDEA before the commencement of the successful anti-illegal drug operation;

Accomplishments

Year 2009 a total of P9,000,000 million were disbursed as reward.

“Towards a Drug-Free Philippines “