Contrastive analysis: Comparing

two languages

Dr. Roslaini, M.Hum

 What is Contrastive Analysis?
 Contrastive Analysis, in common definition, the term
can be defined as the method of analyzing the structure
of two languages with a view to estimate the
differential aspects of their system
 Contrastive Analysis of two languages in question: L1
and L2, pointing at the specific features of each
language system in its major areas: phonology,
morphology, lexicology, syntax, text analysis
 CA is a systematic comparison between the target
language and the students’ native language to know the
similarities and differences between the two
Comparing in Phonology
 There are two subdisciplines in linguistics which deal with sound,
namely phonetics and phonology
 Phonetics provides objective ways of describing and analysing the
range of sounds humans use in their languages.
 Phonology is a branch of linguistics that studies how languages or
dialects systematically organize their sounds (or constituent parts
of signs, in sign languages). The term also refers to the sound or sign
system of any particular language variety.
Example:
 An example of phonology is the study of the movements the body goes
through in order to create sounds - such as the pronunciation of the letter
"t" in "bet," where the vocal chords stop vibrating causing the "t" sound to be
a result of the placement of the tongue behind the teeth and the flow of air.
 Think θɪŋk voiceless
 These ð iː zvoiced
 Apel pisa n g
 Thing θ ɪ ŋ
 Sit sɪt
 Seat  s iː t
 Work wəːk
 Word  wəːd
The Organs of Speech
The Phonemes in Bahasa and
English
 In Bahasa only 5 (five) symbol of the vowel phonemes /
a /, / i /, / u /, / e /, and / o /. while in English there
are 12 (twelve) vowel phoneme symbols are:
 / i: /, / i /, / e /, / æ /, / ɑ: /, / ɔ /, / ɔ: /,/ ʊ /, / u:
/, / ʌ /, / Ə: /, / Ə /
 In Bahasa vowels will be pronounced in accordance with
his words while in the English language will be different
vowel words when spoken.
The Production of Vowel
phonemes in Bahasa
The Production of Vowel
phonemes in English
The Production of Consonant
phonemes in English
TASK 2
Making contrast phonemes in Bahasa and English

English Bahasa
For Example:
Contrasting Vowel Phonemes
Example:
Contrasting Consonant Phonemes
Contrasting Consonants
TASK 2
Make Contrast between Bahasa and
English