Chapter 1

The Meaning and

Importance of Tourism
and Hospitality
Objectives

► 1. To define tourism
► 2. To differentiate a tourist from excursionists
► 3. To understand the various elements of travel used as criteria for defining
travelers and or tourists.
► 4. To explain the nature of the tour
► 5. To elucidate the characteristics of a tourist product and a tourist
destination
► 6. To compare tourism with other industries
► 7. To appreciate the importance of tourism
The Tourism and Hospitality Network
Components of Tourism and Hospitality

► 1. Food and Beverage Component

► These are commercial restaurants that provide food and beverage services

► 2.Lodging Component
► Involves overnight or even long term services to guest
► Place so Sleep but also entertainment and recreational facilities
► 3. Recreational and Entertainment Component
► Includes a wide range of establishments that operate facilities or provide
services to meet varied cultural, entertainment, and recreational interests of
their patrons

► Includes Golf, Tennis, Hiking, Boating, Swimming,

► 4. Travel and Tourism Component
► Umbrella term that provide primary services to travelers. These include not
only food and beverage services, lodging services, recreation and
entertainment services, but also transportation services and the services of
travel agencies and tour operators.
► 5. Transportation Component
► The transportation sector is a category of companies that provide services to
move people or goods, as well as transportation infrastructure
► 6. Travel Agencies and Tour Operators

► Travel Agent
► - the one who sells travel services in a travel agency
► - Sells “packages”
► -Packages
► - a bundle of related services offered to a buyer at a single price

► Tour Operators
► Wholesalers who make the necessary contacts with hotels, airlines and other providers
of travel services and devises packages which will appeal to buyers. They are volume
purchasers who are able to negotiate lower prices because of their high volume
purchases. They are able to sell packages at a cheaper price than individual consumer
Definition of Tourism

► ■ Hunziker and Krapft – Sum of the phenomena and relationships arising from
the travel and stay of non-residents, in so far as they do not lead to
permanent residence and are not connected to any earning activity

► ■ Tourism Society of Britain – Tourism is the temporary short term movement

of people to destinations outside the places where they normally live and
work and their activities during their stay at these destinations
Burkart and Medlik 5 Characteristics of Tourism

► 1. Because of its complexity, tourism is a combination of phenomena and

relationships
► 2. Two essential elements: 1) dynamic element or journey, 2) the static
element or stay
► 3. The journey and stay are to-and-from destinations outside the place of
residence and work
► 4. The movement to destination is temporary and short term with the
intention to return within a few days, weeks,, or months; and
► 5. Destinations are visited for purposes not connected with paid work, that is,
not to be employed and not for business or vocational reasons.
Definition of Hospitality

► Derived from the Latin word Hospitare which means “to receive a guest”
► This phrase implies that a host is prepared to meet a guest basic requirement
while the guest is away from home

► The requirements of a guest in these circumstances are

► Food
► Beverages
► Lodging or Shelter
Meaning of a Tourist

► ■ League of Nations 1937 – A tourist is a person who visits a country other

than in which he usually reside for a period of at least 24 hours

► ■ UN Conference on International Travel 1963

► – Redefined visitor – Any person visiting a country other than that of earning
money
Tourist vs Excursionist

► Tourist
► - Temporary visitors staying at least 24 hours whose purpose could be classified
as
► 1. Leisure
► 2.Business
► 3.Family
► 4.Mission
► 5.Meeting

► Excursionist
► -Temporary Visitors staying less than 24 hours in the destination and not making
an overnight stay, including cruise travelers, but excluding travelers in transit
Elements of Travel

► 1. Distance
► 2. Length of stay at a destination
► 3. Resident of the traveler
► 4. Purpose of travel
The Nature of a Tour

► Domestic Tourism
► - Refers to travel taken exclusively within the national boundaries of the
travelers country

► International Tourism
► - tourism that crosses national borders

► Inclusive Tour
► A tour package that bundles transportation and lodging along with additional
services such as transfers, sightseeing, museum admissions, and so forth.
► Independent Tour
► - An arrangement in which the tourist buys these facilities separately, either
making reservations in advance through a travel agent or en route during
his/her tour

► Independent inclusive tour

► - One which the tourist travels to his/her destination individually

► Group Inclusive tour

► - One which the tourist travels in the company of other tourists
The Tourist Product

► 1. Service

► 2. Largely Psychological in its attraction

► 3. Tends to vary in standard and quality overtime

The Tourist Destination

► ■ Geographical unit where the tourist visits and stay.

► ■ The basic factors

► – Amenities
► – Attractions
► ■ Events
► ■ Site (man made or natural) – Accessibility
Tourist Services

► means the provision of services in travel, transportation, accommodation,

meals and drinks, entertainment, information, guidance and other services to
satisfy the needs of tourists.
Characteristics of Tourism and
Hospitality
► 1. In tourism and hospitality, the consumer has to travel to and go the
product to purchase it.
► 2. The products of tourism and hospitality are not used up
► 3. Tourism and hospitality is labor-intensive industry
► 4. Tourism and hospitality is people oriented
► 5. Tourism and hospitality is a multidimensional phenomenon
► 6. Tourism and hospitality industry is seasonal
► 7. Tourism and hospitality is dynamic
Importance of Tourism and Hospitality

► 1. Contribution to the balance of payments

► 2. Dispersion of development
► 3. Employment opportunities
► 4. Social benefits
► 5. Cultural enrichment
► 6. Educational significance
► 7. A vital force for peace