LESSON 1.

THE RELATIONSHIP OF
THE TOURISM AND
HOSPITALITY
 ACTIVITY NO. 1.A

NAME THE FOLLOWING

TOURIST SPOTS IN THE
WORLD

MECHANICS:
• EACH GROUP WILL IDENTIFY THE FOLLOWING TOURIST
SPOTS TO BE SHOWN ON THE SCREEN
• YOU WILL BE GIVEN 60 SECONDS TO DO THE TASK
• THE GROUP WHO WILL BE ABLE TO GET MORE CORRECT
ANSWERS WILL BE THE WINNER
1 2 3 4

5 6 7 8

9 10
1 2 3 4

GREAT WALL OF CHINA EIFFEL TOWER MAYON VOLCANO NIAGARA FALLS

5 6 7 8

LANDING STAGE TAJ MAHAL COLOSSEUM CRISTO REDENTOR AND

CORCOVADO
9 10
PETRONAS TWIN TOWER THE GREAT PYRAMID OF
GIZA
 Lesson 1.1: THE RELATIONSHIP OF THE TOURISM AND
HOSPITALITY
The tourism and hospitality industries strongly affect one another, several
associations and industry leaders consider the combined industries of tourism and
hospitality as one large industry. The components of this large industry include: (1)
food and beverages services, (2) lodging services, (3) recreation services, and (4)
travel-related (tourism) services. These components constitute the tourism and
hospitality network.

Network- means a complicated interconnection of parts or components.

Figure 1. THE TOURISM AND HOSPITALITY NETWORK
COMPONENTS OF TOURISM AND HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY

 Food and Beverages Components

Food and Beverage Services can be broadly defined as the process of preparing,
presenting and serving of food and beverages to the customers.

The food and beverage services sector makes a significant contribution to the
hospitality industry's profitability.

F&B Services can be of the following two types:

• On Premise
• Off Premise or Outdoor Catering
There are two broad types of F&B Service’s operations:

• Commercial − F&B Services is the primary business. The most known commercial
catering establishments are — hotels, all kinds of restaurants, lounges, cafeterias,
pubs, clubs, and bars.

• Non-Commercial − Non-commercial operations are secondary businesses in

alliance with the main business. These F&B services mainly cater to their consumers
with limited choice of food and beverages.
  The Lodging Component

- Lodging involves providing overnight or even long-term services to guests

- Lodging is a place to sleep
- Lodging not only provide beds but also entertainment and recreational facilities.

Examples are: hotels and motels, bed and breakfast, resort hotels, resort
condominium, conference centre, ski lodges, casino hotels, Campgrounds, transient
trailer parks, school and college dormitories, summer camps, and health spas,
  Recreation and Entertainment Component

Recreation is a leisure activity, with leisure defined as time spent on one's own
terms.

Recreational activities are frequently undertaken for the sake of enjoyment,

amusement, or pleasure, and are seen as "fun.“

Entertainment is a type of action that keeps an audience's attention and interest

while also providing pleasure and delight.
  Travel and Tourism Component
Travel and tourism are used together as an umbrella term to refer to those businesses that
provide primary services to travelers. These include not only food and beverage services,
lodging services, recreation and entertainment services but also transportation services, and
the services of travel agencies and tour operators.

 Transportation
The main purpose of transportation is to make it possible for people to go from one place to
another.

 Travel agencies and tour operators

Travel agencies and tour operators are modern additions to the travel and tourism world.

 Travel Agent is a person whose job it is to arrange travel for end clients (individuals, groups,
corporations) on behalf of suppliers (hotels, airlines, car rentals, cruise lines, railways, travel
insurance, package tours).

 Tour Operator is mostly a wholesaler that creates mass package tours and makes collective
agreements with service providers.
 Lesson 1.2 DEFINITION OF TOURISM AND HOSPITALITY

Hospitality is defined as the act of welcoming and attending to the fundamental

requirements of customers or strangers, primarily in the areas of food, drink, and lodging.

The word HOSPITALITY derives from the latin hospes, meaning “host”, “guest”, or
“stranger”. Hospes is formed from host, which means: “stranger” or “enemy” (the latter
being where terms like “hostile” derive)

Tourism is the act and process of spending time away from home in pursuit of recreation,
relaxation, and pleasure, while making use of the commercial provision of services.
MEANING OF TOURIST

In 1937, the League of Nations defined “Tourist” as follows: “ A Tourist is a person who
visits a country other than that in which he or she usually resides for a period of at least 24
hours.”

In 1963, a United Nations Conference on International Travel and Tourism recommended a

new definition of a “visitor” as “any person visiting a country other than that of earning
money.” This definition covers two classes of visitors:

1. Tourist- Temporary visitors staying at least 24 hours

2. Excursionist – Temporary visitors staying less than 24 hours in the destination visited
and not making an overnight stay, including cruise travellers, but excluding travellers in
transit.
 Lesson 1.3 ELEMENTS OF TRAVEL

Four basic elements have been used as criteria for defining travellers and /or tourist.

a. Distance
b. Length of stay at the destination
c. Residence of the traveler
d. Purpose of travel
1. Visiting friends and relatives
2. Conventions, seminars, and meetings
3. Business
4. Outdoor recreation
5. Entertainment
6. Personal
7. Others
 THE NATURE OF TOUR
 Domestic tourism – it can be described as tourism involving residents of one country
traveling within their own country.

 International tourism - involves the movement of people across international

boundaries
 Package tour - sometimes called inclusive tour, is an arrangement in which transport
and accommodation is bought by the tourist at an all-inclusive price and the price of the
individual elements cannot be determined by the tourist.
 Independent tour
 A tour that does not include a guide or a host or a set routine of daily activities.
 An unescorted tour sold through agents to individuals.

 Independent inclusive tour is one in which the tourist travels to his destination
individually.
 Group Inclusive Tour (GIT) - Refers to a travel group where individuals buy a group
package and travel with others on a pre-set itinerary.
Lesson 1.4 THE TOURIST PRODUCT AND TOURIST DESTINATION

TOURIST PRODUCT

• Defined as the sum of physical & psychological satisfaction it provides to tourists

during their travelling route to the destination.

• Tourism product is something that can be offered to tourists to visit a tourist

destination.

• The tourist product focuses on facilities and services designed to meet the needs
of the tourist.
 CHARACTERISTICS OF TOURIST PRODUCTS

1. Intangible - The product here cannot be seen or inspected before its purchase.

2. Psychological - A large component of tourism product is the satisfaction the consumer

derives from its use.

3. Highly Perishable - A travel agent or tour operator who sells a tourism product cannot
store it.

4. Composite Product - The tourist product cannot be provided by a single enterprise unlike
a manufactured product.

5. Unstable Demand - Tourism demand is influenced by seasonal, economic political and

others such factors.
6. Fixed supply in the short run - The tourism product unlike a manufactured product
cannot be brought to the consumer; the consumer must go to the product.

7. Absence of ownership - hotel rooms, airline tickets, etc. can be used but not
owned.

8. Heterogeneous - Tourism is not a homogeneous product since it tends to vary in

standard and quality over time.

9. Risky - The risk involved in the use of a tourism product is heightened since it has
to be purchased before its consumption.
 - A geographical place conditioned to receive tourists and visitors who are
interested in gazing certain attractions.

ATTRACTIONS
- Are places of culture, heritage, nature, or activities that draw people to visit.

 Site attractions - An attraction in which the destination itself has appeal.

 Event attractions - Include congresses, exhibitions, festivals such as the Ati -
Atihan Festival, and sports events such as the Olympics games.

 Natural Attractions
Natural attractions are named features which appeal to tourists because of the nature
of the landform or the beauty of the landscape in which the attraction is set. Natural
attractions include:
• Lakes
• Rivers and landforms such as waterfalls and gorges
• Caves
• Mountains
• Coastal features
 Man –made attractions
Man-made attractions are defined as the creation of humans with a motive to leave a
lasting mark on the world. Since ancient times, several influential or non-influential
people have had a common dream of achieving immortality. Over the course of time,
these dreams of immortality have taken the form of monuments, statues, palaces, and
cities.

TOURIST SERVICES

- Means the provision of services in travel, transportation, accommodation, meals

and drinks, entertainment, information, guidance and other services to satisfy the
needs of tourists.
Tourism and hospitality has special characteristics which make it different from other
industries.

1. In tourism and hospitality, the product is not brought to the consumer; rather, the consumer
has to travel and go to the product to purchase it.
2. The products of tourism and hospitality are not used up.
3. Tourism and hospitality is a labor –intensive industry.
3. Tourism and hospitality is people-oriented. It is primarily concerned with people.
4. Tourism and hospitality is a multidimensional phenomenon.
6. The tourism and hospitality industry is seasonal
7. The industry is dynamic.
 Lesson 1.6 IMPORTANCE OF TOURISM AND HOSPITALITY

1. Contribution to the balance of payments.

2. Dispersion of development
3. Effect on general economic development
4. Employment opportunities
5. Social benefits
6. Cultural enrichment
7. Educational significance
8. A vital force for peace