DOMESTIC & INTERNATIONAL TOURISM

A. Different types of tourism can be recognized

depending on
• length of stay,
• mode of transport used,
• distance travelled,
• purpose of trip and
• price paid by tourists.
 International Tourism
An international tourist :
crosses the boundaries of many countries,
uses different currencies,
faces different languages and
meets different types of people.

Usually international tourism involves longer distances

although crossing small countries or travelling in
the neighborhood of international borders may
involve short distances.
 Domestic Tourism
A. It is concerned with travelling within the country.
B. It does not need a pass­port and visa or conversion
of one currency into another.
C. Domestic tourism has greater scope in countries of
large dimensions such as India as compared to
smaller countries.
D. From a geographical viewpoint, domestic tourism
may range from
local excursion,
regional trips to national level travels.
 HISTORY OF TOURISM
EARLY TRAVEL
•Earlier travel was essentially to seek food or to escape
danger.
•Travel was also undertaken for trade.
•Growth of cities along fertile river banks like Nile etc
encouraged water travel.
•Ancient empires like the Romans helped shape
modern travel.
 THE EMPIRE ERA
The Egyptians
• At its peak the travel for business and pleasure
flourished.
• Travel to outlining cities was necessary.
• Various amenities were offered to travelers.
• They travelled for pleasure and festivals were held
every year.
• People used to travel to attend these festivals.
 THE EMPIRE ERA
The Persians:
•They started travel initially for military use.
•Later facilities earlier used for military were
transformed to facilitate travel.
•Roads were built, markers were established to
indicate distances.
•Safety of travelers was given importance.
•Modes of transport like wagons, donkeys/mules were
introduced.
 THE EMPIRE ERA
The Greeks:
•Greeks were the first, who shaped the modern day
travel.
•Pleasure travel was popular.
•Travel was advanced by two developments:
Currency exchange: Greek cities accepted foreign
currency, making it easier for travelers.

Communication: The Greek empire covered the

entire Mediterranean thus the language was widely
understood.
•They provided all the amenities required.
 THE EMPIRE ERA
The Romans
•The prosperity of the roman empire was reflected in
the development of travel.
•The Romans included a large group of middle class
who had money and time to travel.
•They built excellent roads, transportation and
communication systems.
•They built rest houses.
RENAISSANCE AND GRAND TOUR (AD 1763-1773)
The rise of Italy as intellectual capital of Europe . •
GRAND TOUR –
•A tour to the principal cities and places of interest in
Europe, formerly said to be an essential part of the
education of the young man of ‘good birth’ and
‘fortune’.
•Main travelers were diplomats, business people, and
scholars
•Mainly for career, education, culture, literary, health,
scientific, business, and economic reasons.
FATHER OF TOURISM AND TRAVEL
Thomas Cook is the Father of Tourism.
•His first organized trip was ‘Leicester to
Loughborough ’ in 1841.

•It covered a distance of 22 km for 570 members.

•He acted as an agent by buying tickets in bulk and

selling it to others on a non profit basis.

•This gave him an idea to package tours in a profitable

manner.
FATHER OF TOURISM AND TRAVEL
•He organized the travel arrangements,
accommodations, transport at the destinations and
return to the homeland.
•He organized the first ‘inclusive tour’ to Paris
Exhibition in 1855.
•‘Hotel voucher’ was introduced by Thomas Cook in
1867 and ‘Circular Note’ in 1873 which made travel
easier.
•First ‘Round the world tour’ in 1872.