Martha Rogers - 

The
Science of Unitary
Human Beings
GROUP 5
 INTRODUCTION
● Martha Roger’s theory Science of
Unitary Human Beings is mainly
focusing on the four concepts and
three principles of homeodynamic
that are energy fields, openness,
pattern, pandimensioal,
integrality, resonancy, and
helicy respectively.
 BIOGRAPHY

• She was born in Dallas, Texas May 12,

1914; sharing her birthday with Florence
Nightingale.
• In 1936 She attended nursing diploma
programmed at Knoxville General
Hospital
• She continued her schooling at George
Peabody College and completed
Bachelors of Science in Public Health
Nursing in 1937.
.
 BIOGRAPHY

• She was born in Dallas, Texas May 12, 1914;

sharing her birthday with Florence Nightingale.
• In 1936 She attended nursing diploma
programmed at Knoxville General Hospital
• She continued her schooling at George
Peabody College and completed Bachelors of
Science in Public Health Nursing in 1937.
.
 assumptions

Human being is considered as whole which cannot be viewed as

subparts.
• The life process of human is irreparable and one way from birth to
death.
• Health and illness are the continuous expression of the life process.
• The energy flows freely between the individual and environment.
• Human being possesses the ability to think, imagine, sense, feel, and
can use language for expression.
• Human beings have the ability to adapt according to the new
changes in the environment.
 concepts

• All the human beings are viewed as an

integral part of universe.
• Human beings and the environment have
energy field, nursing action is directed
towards patterning and maintaining these
energy fields.
 MAJOR
CONCEPTS
Energy fields Pattern
01 it is the inevitable part of life. Human and
environment both have energy field which is
open energy can freely flow between human
Pattern
and environment.
03 is the distinguishing character of
the energy field.

  Openness
02 there is no boundary or barrier that can inhibit the
flow of energy between human and environment
which leads to the continuous movement or
matter of energy.
04 Pandemensioal
Undeviating field which is not
constricted by space or time, it is an
infinite domain without boundary.
 Principles
of
homeodyna
mics
 Principles of
homeodynami • Homeodynamics refers to the
balance between the dynamic
life process and environment.
cs • These principles help to view
human as unitary human being.
The three separate principles are
integrality, resonancy, and
heliecy.
 • Energy fields are dynamic
Principles of and constantly interact
with the human and
Integrality environment, which affects
our environment and vice
versa.
• This is the principle on
which meditation and
humor works to produce a
positive environment
Principles of • is an ordered arrangement of
rhythm characterizing both human
field and environmental field
Resonancy • Constant change in the way or
pattern of the energy field from a
lower to higher frequency.
• This movement of energy can be
made by human touch, guided
imagery activities, drawing,
storytelling and other active use of
imagination.
Principles of • Any minute change in the
environment which leads to
Heliecy ripple effect results in a larger
changes in other field.
• This change is constant,
unpredictable and there are
many factors which mutually
interact and cause the change.
 Metaparadigm in Nursing

 a
Person
unitary human being is
Health
Not clearly defined by Roger.
open systems which
It is determined by the
continuously interact with
interaction between energy
environment. A person
fields human and
cannot be viewed as parts, it
environment.
should be considered as a
Bad interaction or misplacing
whole.
of the energy leads to illness.

Environme Nursing
nt
it includes the entire energy
field other than a person. •
Is both science and art. • It
constantly maintains the energy
field which is conducive for patient.
These energy fields are • Nursing action directs the
irreducible, not limited by space interaction of person and
and time, identified by its environment to maximize health
potential.
pattern and organization
 Application of My
G oals

SUBH

Practice Education Research

 Check! Clinical
Practice
Nursing interventions
Nursing action is include all the The more importance
always focused on noninvasive actions such should be on the
unitary human being as guided management of pain,
imaginary,humor,therapeu supportive psychotherapy
and change the
tic touch, music etc. which and rehabilitation of the
energy field are used to increase the human being.
between human and potential of human being.
environment.
 Nursing assessment
&diagnosis

Promotion of Intervention and

health rehabilitation

Maintenance of Prevention of
health illness
 Nursing
Education
 Emphasis should be given on the understanding of
the patient and self, energy field and environment.
• Training should lay more focus on teaching non-
invasive modalities such as therapeutic touch,
meditation, humor, regular in-service education
programme
 Nursing
Research

Rogerian theory has been used in

many research works and has
always been found testable and
applicable in research.
 Di
ag
Nursing Process ram
according to SUBH

PATTERN MUTUAL EVALUATION

APPRAISAL PATTERNING
 PATTERN APPRAISAL

• It is an inclusive assessment of human and

environment energy fields, its organization of
energy field, and identification of areas of
dissonance.
• Nurses validate the entire appraisal along
with the client.
 MUTUAL PATTERNING

• It is the proper patterning of the energy fields

between the human and environment. • It is the
mutual interaction between the client and nurse
• Patterning can be done by suggesting the various
alternatives, educating, empowering, encouraging etc.
depending on the client’s condition and needs.
 EVALUATION

• Evaluation is done by repeating

the pattern appraisal after the
mutual patterning to determine
the extents of dissonance and
harmony.
 CLINICAL SCENARIO

• Mr. X is a 54 years old male admitted in the Male Psychiatric ward with the diagnosis of major
depression secondary to the diagnosis of Myocardial Infraction (MI).
• He was very tense and sobbing during the history collection.
• He was accompanied by his wife and son. Even though his wife was anxious but still she was
supportive and helpful.
• Mr. X was diagnosed with MI four months back and underwent the angioplasty three months
ago.
• Currently he is on Statins and Antihypertensives.
• He started to show the sings and symptoms of depression from the past one month.
• He used to sit alone, diminished the activities of daily living, regular crying spells, decreased
chat, self muttering, insomnia, anorexia, body aches, least bothered about personal hygiene, two
days before he attempted suicide by hanging on ceiling fan.
• His present findings based on the assessment shows that he is very tearful, socially withdrawn,
nutritional status is impaired, crying spells, sad mood, and risk for committing suicide.
 Assessment MUTUAL
(Pattern Appraisal) PATTERNING EVALUATION

  Mr. X is  • It is the mutual interaction

between Mr. X and nurse for
experiencing the changing the pattern and making
his all-emerging pattern as
pattern of unitary pattern. Repeating the pattern
dissonance. • Therapeutic touches,
appraisal after the
meditation, guided imagery, are
depression with the pattering activities planned mutual patterning to
suicidal ideation, for Mr. X. determine the extents of
• Therapeutic touch is
MI, pain, fear , dissonance and harmony.
implemented which will cure the
• Current symptoms
sleep pattern pain, promote the speedy
recovery and building trust on experiencing by Mr. X is
disturbances, nurse.
shared with him and if
• Social withdrawn can be
impaired nutritional managed by using humor, changes is needed in the
status, tendencies participating in small group mutual patterning that
activities and this will help him
to commit suicide can be incorporated or
to develop self confidence. •
and appraisal is Advices are given for changing implement the same.
the dietary pattern and improving
essential for all of the personal hygiene.
these symptoms. • Involvement of family for the
environment pattering. 
 e s e are
Th
the s
b j e ctive
o

Critique of the
SUBH
 SIMPLICITY

• although the concepts seems to quite

difficult to understand.
• It’s a parsimonious theory.
• Parsimony refers to theory based on
simple assumption but proves to be
very valuable.
 CLARITY

 • overall Rogerian SUBH is

considered as complex but still efforts
are going on to clarify the complex
concepts.
 GENERALITY

● The uses on non- invasive

modalities are very useful and
important to nursing even today.
● SUBH is the foundation of many
theories and it can be apply in a
variety of setting and all spheres of
life.
 EMPIRICAL PRESICION

● Rogerian theory has been used in many

research works and has been found testable
and applicable in research.
● But many limitations have also been
identified by the researchers such as
difficult to understand the concepts, lack of
operational definitions and instruments for
the proper evaluation of the instruments.
 CONCLUSION
●  SUBH leads to a new way of seeing the person as a
unitary human being and new style of nursing
practice.
● This model is applicable in all the setting and every
spheres of life.
● Rogers emphasized the need for noninvasive nursing
modalities in achieving the health potential, it is very
evident in today’s situation that there is more focus on
the alternative system of medicine and noninvasive
nursing actions are in getting much importance
 Thanks
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