Further Pure 1 Chapter 4 ::

Inequalities
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Last modified: 16th September 2019

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RECAP
Solving Quadratic Inequalities Permitted operations in inequalities?
(Pure Year 1)

 Solve
  ?
?
?
 𝑦 ?

  we divide by a negative number

If
? the inequality should ‘flip’.
 𝑥 Because in the last example we
−
  1  3
2 don’t know whether is positive or
negative, we don’t know whether
?
the inequality will flip.
 − 1 < 𝑥 < 3 In general, never multiply be an
2 expression involving a variable in
an inequality unless you know it’s
positive.
Getting around this problem
 
Solve

 We can’t multiply by , but what could we multiply by?

, which is always positive!
? Fro Tip: Remember in
Core Pure 1 with
Then: summation proofs, we
tried to avoid expanding
things where we could
factorise first?
?
?
?
 𝑦

?  𝑥
−
  2  2

 − 2< 𝑥 <2
Another Example
 
Solve

 Multiply both sides by: ? Fro

  Note: While cubics
have two ‘zig zags’ (not
necessarily turning
points!), quartics have
three. If the term is
Factorise ? positive the quartic starts
from the top.

 𝑦

  or
Sketch?  𝑥
Solution ?
−
  3 −
  2 −
  1  1
Test Your Understanding
FP1(Old) June 2007 Q1
 Find the set of values of for which

(7)

P4 Jan 2006 Q2 (We’re going back to the good ole’ days now of P!)

 Find the set of values of for which

(6)

?
Exercise 4A
Pearson Further Pure 1
Pages 95-96
Solving by Sketching
A simple example:

 By using appropriate sketches, solve

 𝑦
 
Click to Frosketch
1   𝒚=𝟏
 
𝒚= 𝟏  
𝒙 Click to Frosketch
 𝑥
1

The
  values where the  Hence solution:
lines intersect (which we
call the ‘critical values’)
is important.
?
More Examples
 a) On the same axes sketch the graphs of the curves with
equations and .
b) Find their points of intersection.
c) Hence solve

 𝑦  As , the +1 becomes  

inconsequential, thus we
get
Click to Frosketch

 𝒚= 𝟕
𝟑  
Click to Frosketch
 𝑥
 − 2  2
3  
Points of intersection (by
When
 
  𝟏 solving as an equation):
𝒙=−
𝟑
?
 Hence solution to inequality:
Not
  defined when
?
Exercise 4B
Pearson Further Pure 1
Page 98
Modulus-ey ones
 Solve  Solve

 𝑦  First isolate modulus to make

sketching easier:

𝟒 𝒙|
(Noting
  that
 𝑦

𝒙 𝟐−
)

 𝒚 =|
  𝒚=𝟑
2

 𝑥
2  − √ 7 1 3 2+
  √7  1  𝑥
−1
  2 2
  Frosketch      
Frosketch Frosketch Frosketch

Find
  critical values: Find
  critical values:

? ?
 Hence solutions: Find critical values:
 
? ?
Modulus-ey ones
 Solve

 𝑦
 Solving gives
or

Solving gives
or 3.

Which critical values do we actually

want? (hint: look at graph)
From the positive graph we want the
 𝑥
3 7 latter point ()
? we again want
For the negative graph
the latter point

Therefore solutions:
?
Test Your Understanding
FP1(Old) June 2006 Q7
 (a) Use algebra to find the exact solutions of the equation:
  (6)
(b) On the same diagram, sketch the curve with equation y = 2x2 + x – 6
and the line with equation y = 6 – 3x. (3)
(c) Find the set of values of x for which   (3)

(a) ? (c) ?

(b) ?
Exercise 4C
Pearson Further Pure 1
Pages 101-102