21 CENTURY

ST

PRESENTATION
NOLI ME TA’NGERE
NOLI ME TAN’GERE(TOUCH ME NOT)
AUTHOR:DR JOSE RIZAL
in 1887, José Rizal’s Noli Me Tangere played a crucial role in the political history of the Philippines. Drawing from
experience, the conventions of the nineteenth-century novel, and the ideals of European liberalism, Rizal offered up
a devastating critique of a society under Spanish colonial rule.
 TOUCH ME NOT
I.
A PAGCACAPISAN.
Nto invite to a dinner, at the end of October, Guinoong Santiago de los Santos, better known to the people
by the title of Capitang Tiago, was invited even if it was only that afternoon that he announced, against his
former caugalìan, as well. that was the reason for all the rumors in Binundóc, in various villages and even
within Manila. At that time Captain Tiagong was a man who was more agile, and he knew that his house
and his conscious town did not close the door to anyone, except for the calacals or any new or daring mind.

The speed of the spread of the news in the world of flies, flies or "colados" is like a flash of lightning.[5] ,
whom God created in his eternal goodness, and whom he multiplied with all his love in Manila. Some
looked for "betún" in their shoes, others for buttons and ties, but they were all wondering how to do it in a
good way, especially without hesitation in the house, to convince those who could see them soon. a friend,
or someone else, apologized for not coming early. Guinawâ was invited to this dinner at a house on
Anloague street, and since we do not remember his number, we willPáhiná 6tell his form to be recognized
now, even though he has not been shaken by earthquakes. We do not believe that the owner is destroying
that house, since in this act God or Nature is in control.[6] , who also received from our Government an
agreement to do many things. — That house is also large, as many see in these lands; stands on the banks
of a tributary of the Pasig River, also called by some the "ría" (creek) of Binundóc, and performs, as do all
the rivers in Manila, many capacities — bathing, sewage. , laundry, fishing, the passage of the bank carrying
various things, and even a few more cucunán drinking water, as well as the Chinese guide[7] . It should be
obvious from this much -needed use of the village that the number of calacals
and the people coming and going was dull, at a distance of about a thousand meters there was only a small wooden bridge,
which in six bowa was broken. both sides and the cabilâ are impassable for the rest of the year, so much so that the horses, even
in the summer, take advantage of such an unchanging form, to jump from there into the water, startled. the amused man in the
car was asleep or contemplating the passing of time. The house we are talking about has a cababâan, and the construction is not
very good; also not carefully observed by the "architect"[8] directed to do or this thing will be done by earthquakes and
hurricanes, no one can say for sure. A wide staircase is cacapitáng culay verde, and the small side is covered with a carpet.Páhiná
7the passage from the basement or through the door marked with "azulejos"[9] up to the cabahayán, where the traffic jams are
blocked[10] and take care of the bulaclacs placed on the "pedestal"[11] lozang made in China, with a variety of colors and
unmistakable drawings.

Since there is no porter or servant to ask or ask for a "billete" or an invitation letter, let us go, oh you who are reading to me,
catoto or caaway! as long as you are attracted to the music of the orchestra, to the lights or to the meaningful "clin-clan" of the
poles and cutlery.[12] and you also want to see how the pigeons are in Perla ng Casilang̃anan. With only my friend and my own
comfort, I could not be bothered to describe the condition of the house; but it is very important, since the commonplace among
mortals like us is that of the tortoise: we are valued and appointed according to our talucab or inhabitedhouse; because of this,
and in other forms of manners, those who die in the Philippines are like those of turtles.[13] , why not, that tonight is used as
"comedor"[14] and then the orchestra hall. In the middle was a long table, adorned with many precious whites, which seemed
to be winking at the "colado," with catamistamis pangs, and warning the fearless young ladies, the unconscious maiden, for two
impatient hours in the morning. casamahán of strangers, whose speech and supplications are usually true cacaiba. Nothing of
such worldly preparations is devoted to the walled frames of religion, such as "Purgatory," "Hell," "The Last Judgment," "The
death of the saints," "The death of the sinner," and then he was guidedPáhiná 8a majestic and beautiful "marco" in the form of a
"Renacimiento"[15] by Arévalo, a well -arranged and wide "lienzo" in which two old women can be seen. This is what the titic
says: "Nuestra Señora de la Paz y Buen Viaje, worshiped in Antipolo, in the form of a woman begging, visits the holy and famous
Capitana Inés in her illness."[16]. It is true that painting does not introduce "art" and creativity, but it does narrate the usual
appearance: the sick woman looks like a paralyzed man, because of the yellow and blue color of her face; the vases and other
 casangcapan, those many things that have been collected during a long illness are very well collected, so that even the contents
can be seen. When you look at the circumstances in which you indulge in eating and indulge in the taste of good things, perhaps
the homeowner, who is known to have the good will of almost everyone sitting at the table, will be taken aback by some evil-
minded people. , and when his plan does not appear to be true,[17] with arches and "gloriettes"[18] partially illuminated by small
colored paper lanterns.

The diner is staring, amidst the oversized glasses and the shining windows.[19] : and there on a tarimang[20] pino[21] Páhiná
9has a nice "piano de cola"[22] , whose value is camalácmalác, and even more important tonight, since no one is playing. There is
a picture of "al óleo"[23] of a handsome man, framed, straight, upright, weighed like a tasseled cane with hard fingers full of
threads: the picture seems to say:

"Ehem!" ¡Masdán ninyó cung kaano carami ang suot co at aco'y hindi tumatawa!

The casangcapan is beautiful, though perhaps uncomfortable to use and even worse for the body: it is not what the owner thinks
is to avoid the pain of his guests, nor is it his own beauty. You will be taken away, but you will be sitting in European -made
armchairs, and you will not always find that! —this is probably what he is saying to them. The room was almost crowded: men
were separated from women, as in catholic churches and synagogues.[24] . The women are some maidens, some Filipina and
some Spanish: they open their mouths to suppress a hicáb; but then they cover them with their fans; a few words were barely
muttered; any conversation that is supposed to be initiated, is then overwhelmed by a few broken words; like the noises heard at
night in a house, the noises made by rats and lizards. ¿Bacâ cayâ naman ang mga larawan ng mga iba't -ibang "Nuestra
Señora"[25] who hung on the walls was the one who forced the girls not to urinate and be completely calm, or is this really
where women stand out? The only one to greet the arrival of the ladies was an old cousin of Captain Tiago, who looked kind and
unassuming.Páhiná 10ling magwicang castilà. At the heart of his generosity and camaraderie, he did not want to offer the
Spanish tabaco and hitsô, and kiss his camáy to the Filipinas, so that the friars were not spared. In the cawacasa the poor old
woman was annoyed, so she took advantage of the fall of a broken plate to come out quickly and whisper:
"Jesus!" ¡Hintay cayó, mg̃a indigno[26] !

And never to appear again.

About the men there was a cauntî. Some of the cadets were talking[27] ; but the voices are weak, in one of the súloc and
manacanacang they look and point with their fingers at the few people who are in the living room, and all of them are laughing
and keeping it a secret; the number of substitutes is the two foreigners[28] white-clad, clumsy and unmoved, large steps go back
and forth at both ends of the living room, as do the travelers in the "cubierta".[29] of a sasacyán. The happy and important word
is that in a crowd that consists of two friars, two paisanos[30] and a military man who guided a small table with bottles of wine
and biscocho inglés.[31] .

The military was an old lieutenant, handsome, grumpy -faced, so much so that he was a Duque de Alba.[32] left on the
escalaPáhiná 11phone[33] of the Guardia Civil[34] . He spoke a little, but his speech was strong and short. old man: he was the
priest of Binundóc and the people of the past became catedrático[35] in San Juan de Letran[36] . He is a "dialectical" news.[37] ,
because at that time Guzmang's children were still daring.[38] compete in the "secular" mental acumen contest.[39] , he could
never be confused or caught by a good "argumentator".[40] and B. de Luna[41] ; he is likened to "distingo"[42] by Fr. Sibyla to
the fisherman who wants to catch eels with a sílò. The Dominican does not speak and seems to be weighing his words.

On the other hand, another friar, a Franciscan, was very articulate and would swear even more. Although the gray hairs of his
beard were rising, it seemed that the strength of his healthy laughter remained. His face was beautiful, his eyes were
gloomy,Páhiná 12his broad jaws and stout physique give him the appearance of a Roman patrician.[43] You are skinned, and you
will not be able to remember those three monks.[44] says Heine[45] sa canyáng "Dioses en el destierro"[46] , passing by in the
middle of the night on a lake in Tyrol,[47] cung "equinoccio"[48] of September, and every time he passed by the poor thief put in
a silver coin, cold in the form of "ice," which filled him with despair. But Fray Dámaso is not as mysterious as they are; he is
happy, and when his voice is hoarse in speech, like a man who has never been considered, being considered holy and has
nothing to say, the sacláp is recorded. of such a cheerful and open -minded manner, and to the extent that he is compelled to
forgive the display of bare feet and hairy legs, which will be seen by many of the resurrection of a Mendicta in the Kiapò feria.

One of the paisanos was a man with a dark beard and no nose, which in calakhá could not be said to be canyá; the other, a young
man with golden hair, who seemed to be a newcomer to the Philippines: this was the frantic argument of the FranciscanYou will
also see," said the Franciscan, "that when you have remained here a few months, you will believe what I say: one will govern the
town of Madrid and another, the rest of the Philippines!"

—Ng̃uni't ....

—Acó, for example — the continued speech of Fr. Dámaso, who raised his voice even more and who could not read his cause — I
already have one.Páhiná 13twenty -three years old saguing and "morisqueta"[49] , I can say what is credible about that matter.
Do not contradict me in accordance with wisdom and good words, I know "indio"[50] . You think that since I came to this land I
have been assigned to a small town, but it is a real mess of farming. I still don't understand the Tagalog language well, but the
women are already confessing.[51] and they quarreled with me, and they loved me so much, that after three years, when I was
transferred to another larger town, which had no government because of the death of the "indio" priest there, the people wept.
all the women, they filled me with offerings, they brought me a house of music ....

—But that only introduces itself ....

—¡Hintáy cayó! Wait a minute! I hope you don't get fired! My successor did not last as long as I did, and when he left the more
people delivered, the more people wept and the better the music, so he whipped better and raised the bar. "derechos ng
parroquia"[52] , until it almost increased in size.

—But you will allow my ....

—Not only that, I have lived in the town of San Diego for twenty years, only a few months now that I ... left (here it looks like a
massPáhiná 14mâ ang loob). It is impossible for me, even twenty people, to be strong enough to know a town. There are about six
thousand people in San Diego, and every one of them knows me, as if I had given birth to him and breastfed him: I know which are
the faults of his marriage, and what is required of it, and who loves every girl, and what abuses have happened to this woman, and
who is the real father of the child inianac, and so on; as all the people confess; they take great care of their canicaniláng
catungculan. Say also that James is lying to me that he owns this house; there he had many lands and there we became friends.
Now ' y you can also see what "indio" is; When I left, I was barely escorted by some older women and a few third "brothers".[53] , I
have been there for twenty years!
But I can't help but wonder what your comments were about removing the "tobacco box."[54] —the answer of the red-haired
causal, who took advantage of the momentary pause for the Franciscan to drink a cup of Jerez.[55] .

To the astonishment of Fr. Dámaso was cauntî when it dropped the cup. He stared at the young man for a moment and:

"How?" "How?" He said after the whole silence. "But will you not be able to see that casing of light?" Do you not see, son of God,
that all this proves to be true, thatPáhiná 15are the changes in the orders made by the ministers?

Now that the one with the red hair had lasted longer, the lieutenant furrowed his eyebrows even more, moving the dwarf's head
as if he was pretending to be justifying Fray Dámaso or not. Dominico was content to turn away from almost all of them. "Are you
kidding ...?" The young man asked the whole catimpian, staring at the friar with all his heart.

—Na cung inaacalà co? I believe as much as I believe in the Gospel[56] ! Napaca "indolent"[57] the "indio"!

"Ah!" excuse me for interfering with your words — said the young man, raising his voice and bringing the caunti closer to his chair;
you said a word that really appealed to my mind. It is true that the pure natives are "indolent," or as one foreign traveler says, that
this indolence obscures our own indolence, our delay in advancing in wisdom and our way of governing the land under our
jurisdiction? What he said was about other sacóp lands, whose inhabitants were all of the same race! ...
"Oh!" Mg̃a cainguitan! Ask Mr. Laruja who also knows this land; ask him if there are similarities between the ignorance and the
"indolence" of the indio!

"Truly," replied the young man who had been harassed, "you will not be able to find in any part of the world the indulgence of
the Indians, in any part of the world!"

—No one more depraved, nor another more ungrateful!

"And some are even worse!"

The red-haired young man began to caress the two of them with all their might.

"Gentlemen," he said softly, "it seems that we are already at the house of." Páhiná 16an "indio". Those young ladies ....

"Bah!" don't be too imaginative! Santiago doesn't think he's an "indio," but he doesn't face it, and ... he doesn't even face it!
Those are the needs of newcomers. Let a few months pass; you will change your mind when you forget about the many fiestas
and "bailujan"[58] , slept in beds and ate a lot of "tinola".

—Do you call tinola the cahoy fruit that looks like a "lotus"?[59] that ... so ... people forget?

"What a lottery lottery!" Replied Father Dámasong, laughing; "you are talking nonsense." Tinola is a mixture of chicken manoc
and sacá úpo. ¿Buhat pa cailán dumat cayó?

"Four days," replied the young man, who was already disgusted.
"Alas, what a strange bird!" Said Fr. Dámaso, who was watching him with complete astonishment — Come at your own expense
and for your own needs! Cacaibá is true! There are so many books ... it's enough to have two foreheads[60] .... Thus many great
books were written! It's enough to have two quick foreheads ....

—Says "Your honor"[61] ("Vuestra reverencia"), párì Dámaso — the Dominican abruptly interrupted — that you had lived in San
Diego for twenty years and that you had left there.... that town?

Suddenly Fr. Dámaso stopped laughing at the question as if it were really nothing and unintentional.

Páhiná 17The Dominican continued as his son became more and more indifferent:

—Perhaps it is grievous to leave a town where he has lived for twenty years and is known as wearing a hat. As far as I am
concerned, I feel like leaving Camilíng, I have stayed there for a few months ... but that is what the leaders are doing for the sake
of the Congregation ... and for the sake of the future.

Only that night did Fr. Dámaso. Suddenly, he punched the back of his chair, took a deep breath and said:

—¡O may Religión o wala! in fact, do the priests have freedom or not! ¡Napapahamac ang lupang ito, na sa capahamacán!

At sácâ mulíng sumuntóc.

"No!" Was the answer with a growl and anger, and suddenly the whole lacás lay on the bed of the armchair.

To the astonishment of the spectators, they looked at the crowd: the Dominican raised his head to look at Father Dámaso under
his spectacles. The two strangers who were visiting stopped for a moment, looked at each other, showed their fangs for a
moment; and then they went on their way again.
"I'm upset that you didn't give me Reverence!" Whispered the red-haired young man in Mr. Laruja's ear.
—¿Anó pô bâ, ang ibig sabihin ng "cagalanggalang" ninyó (Vuestra Reverencia)? What is the matter with you? —The Dominican
and the lieutenant asked, in different heights.

—¡Cayâ come here so many sacunâ! Leaders favor "heretics"[62] against the "ministers" of God[63] ! the Franciscan continued to
uphold his healthy principles.

"What do you mean?" The lieutenant, who seemed to be standing up, asked again.

—¿Na cung anó ang íbig cong sabíhin? —Ang inulit ni Fr. Dámaso, na laPáhiná 18long inilacás ang voces at humaráp sa teniente.
— ¡Sinasabi co ang ibig cong sabihin! Here, what is meant is that when the priest throws the corpse of a "heretic" into his grave,
whoever, even the king, has no justification to interfere, and especially no justification to punish. And now a "generalist"[64] , a
generalite Calamidad[65] ...!

—¡Párì, his Carilagán[66] (the majestic Governor General) was Vice-Real Patron[67] , —the lieutenant shouted as he stood up.

—¡Anó bang Carilagán ó Vice-Real Patrono[68] man! - replied the Franciscan, who also stood up.[69] . Those times are the real
time of faith!

Páhiná 19—I make it clear to you that I cannot allow ... "Canyang Carilagán," (or the majestic Governor General) is the laughing
stock of His Almighty, the Hárì.[70] .

—¡Anó bang hárì ó cung Roque[71] man! As far as we are concerned, there is no other king who is not real[72] ....

Páhiná 20"Stop!" Shouted the warning lieutenant, who seemed to be ordering his soldiers.
"You're lacad right now, you're lacad!" Was the answer of Fr. Dámaso, who approached the lieutenant with the camáy. ¡Lacad na
cayo't ipahihram co pa sa inyó ang aking coche!

Naoowî the word in catawatawang form. Fortunately, the Dominican intervened. "Gentlemen!" He said with a powerful look and
a voice that passed through his nose, which was really suited to the friars; of blasphemies that you cannot see. We must heed the
words of Fr. Dámaso the man's words with the words of the priest. The words of the priest, in his priesthood, "per se"[73] , will
not offend any canine, in the light of the truth. In human words, there must be another sharing: the so -called "ab irato".[74] , the
so -called "exore"[75] , but not "in corde"[76] , and the so -called "in corde". Only those who are said to be "in corde" will be
offended: sacali'tPáhiná 21formerly contained in "in meate"[77] for one reason, or simply "per accidens"[78] , in the heat of the
word, there is ....
—¡Ng̃uni't aco'y "por accidens" at "por mi"[79] I know the reasons, like Sibyla! —The military replied, seeing that he was
surrounded by so many accusations, and that he was in danger that if he continued, he would still come out guilty. — I know. the
reasons and will be rejected by "your honor" (you will be honored). During his absence from San Diego, Father Dámaso was
buried by the coadjutor[80] the bangcáy of a truly deserving person ...; yes, truly worthy; he was interviewed for a while, and
went to his house. That he never started, and what is that? There is no confession either, but to say that he committed suicide,
that is a lie, an accusation. A man like him with a son who pours out all love and hopes, a man of faith in God, who knows his
duties to the people, a man who loves pride and is not self-righteous. such a person does not commit suicide. I say this, and I do
not say the others I think, and I am indebted to you for your "respect."

And he turned away from the Franciscan and went on to say:

—Then when this curang returned to town, after insulting the coadjutor, the man was demolished, sent out of the tomb, to be
buried without knowing where. In the caruwagan of the city of San Diego did not object; it is true that only a few knew, no
relatives were harmed, and that in Europe his onlyPáhiná 22na anác; but the Governor -General heard of it, and being a man of
pure heart, demanded punishment ... and transferred Father Dámaso to a better town. This is all that has happened. Now let
"your cagalangán" do the weeping.
And when he said that, stay away from that crowd.

"I feel like I didn't mean to mention something that is really dangerous," said Sibylang with grief. "

"What a benefit!" "And what is lost in the transfers ... and the papers ... and the ... and all that is lost?" Replied Fr. Dámaso could
not control his anger.

Gradually that capisanang returned to the former catahimican.

When other people arrived, an old Castilian, crippled, sweet -looking and kind, was crippled in the arms of an old Filipino woman
with a curly hair, with european hair and paint on her face.

They were greeted by the bating catoto of the crowd present, and Doctor De Espadaña and his "doctora" wife, Doña Victorina,
sat down next to our acquaintances. Some "journalists" can be seen there.[81] and "warehouses"[82] who go back and forth and
do not know what to do.

"But can you tell me, Mr. Laruja, what kind of man owns the house?" Asked the young man with the red hair. "I have not been
introduced to him yet."[83] .

—The one who said he left, but I haven't seen him yet.

"No introductions are necessary here!" Said Fr. Dámaso, —Santiago is a kind man.

"A man who has not been exposed to pólvorâ," Laruja added.
"Cayó pô namán, guinoong Laruja!" Said the tender remorse of Doña Victorinang nag-aabanico. " Páhiná 23that's the polvora, is
it said to have been discovered by the Chinese a long time ago?
 II.
CRISOSTOMO IBARRA
Not beautiful and well -dressed young women for everyone to notice, said Fr. Sibyla; it was not the cárilagdilagang Capitan General who
took his aides to get the lieutenant out of the way and meet some hacbáng, and Fr. Dámaso seemed to have lost his spirit: they did not
even have the "original" of the naca frac picture, which was holding a young man in his arms naked.

"Good evening, gentlemen!" Good evening "our"[85] ! —Captain Tiago said first, and he kissed the hands of the priests, who had all
forgotten the blessing. Dominico removed his spectacles to look at the newly arrived young man and the pale Fr. Dámaso and eyes
widen.

"I am honored to introduce to you Don Crisòstomo Ibarra, who is a broken friend!" Continued Capt. Tiago. "This gentleman has just come
from Europe, and I met him."

The recording of this name resounded; the lieutenant forgot to greet the householder, he approached the young man and examined
him, from head to toe. It shares the manners of that moment with the whole crowd; it seemed to him that nothing was different in the
middle of that living room, except his black dress. His height above average, his countenance,Páhiná 26his actions are all that of his
youth, who have studied catawa and cálolowa at the same time. The countless bacás of Castilian blood reflected in a beautiful
caymanggui color, which turned red on his cheeks, could be read in his bucás and happy countenance, perhaps when he lived in cold
towns.

—¡Abá! —The priest of my town suddenly said in a loud shout! Father Dámaso: my father's best friend!

Everyone looked at the Franciscan: it did not move.

"I'm sorry, I made a mistake!" Ibarra added, already embarrassed.

—¡Hindî ca nagcámali! —Ang sa cawacasa'y naisagot ni Fr. Dámaso, whose voices are broken. — But your father has never been a good
friend.
Gradually Ibarra withdrew his camáy which had been held in the camáy of priest Dámaso, and he looked at it in astonishment;
turned around and saw the lieutenant's grim face, which continued to watch him.

—Bagongtao, ¿cayó po bâ ang anác ni Don Rafael Ibarra?

The young man bowed.

Fr. Dámaso and stared at the lieutenant.

"May you noble people come to your land, and may you have better luck than your father!" Said the military in a trembling
voice. I have met and interviewed him, and it can be said that he is one of the most deserving and cleanest people in the
Philippines.

"Sir," replied Ibarrang, heartbroken. "Your praise of my father dispels my worries about his fate, which I, his son, have not yet
disputed."

Tears filled the old man's eyes, and he turned and left quickly.

The young man was alone in the middle of the living room; and when the owner of the house was gone, he could not find her to
introduce himself to the maidens, who were mostly looking at him with affection. After hesitating for a few minutes, he
approached the girls with a pleasant native demeanor.

Páhiná 27"Allow in my path," he said, "the precepts of strict human fellowship." It has been seven years since I left my
hometown, and now that I have returned I cannot restrain those who have greeted me with her most precious jewel; to his
offspring.
"Why should I be proud to speak to the poet whose writings have maintained a passionate love for the people?" I was told that
they are no longer writing, but they did not tell me the reason ...

—¿The reason? Because the great passion of the mind is not called upon to deceive and lie. A man was prosecuted before the
hucóm for inserting in the poem an indisputable fact. I am called a poet, but I will not be called a fool.

—And will you be able to understand what that truth is?

—It is only said that the son of a lion is also a lion; cacaunti na't he would have been exiled.

And the young man with cacaibang behavior walked away from that crowd.

A person who is happy in appearance, dress, can almost run away Páhiná 28Filipino is worn, and has brilliant buttons on the
"pechera." He approached Ibarra, shook hands with the canyá and said:

—¡Guinoong Ibarra, hinahang̃ad cong mákilala co pô cayó; caibigan cong matalic si Capitang Tiago, nakilala co ang inyóng
guinoong amá ...; my name is Capitang Tinong, I live in Tundong where your house is; I hope you will advance your visit here;
doon na pô cayó cumain búcas!

Ibarra was captivated by such great kindness: Captain Tinong smiled and shook his hands.

"Thank you!" Replied the whole person. "But I'm going to San Diego here tomorrow ..."

—¡Sáyang! ¡Cung gayo'y sacâ na, cung cayo'y bumalíc!

"The meal is ready!" Announced a servant of Café "La
Campana." The guest began to set the table, although the
women were really begging, especially the Filipinas.