Chapter 1 - IT Infrastructure and Emerging Tech

Computer Application In Management
STID 1103
Dr. Baharudin Bin Osman

2074 School of Computing
06010 UUM Sintok
Class schedule
Monday/Thursday : 11.30 am – 11.20 am
Delivery Mode : Online Webex

Computer Application In Management
STID 1103
Chapter 1
I T Infrastructure and Emerging
Technologies
Slide in this Presentation Contain Hyperlinks.

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Learning Objectives
1.1 What is IT infrastructure, and what are the stages and
drivers of IT infrastructure evolution?
1.2 What are the components of IT infrastructure?
1.3 What are the current trends in computer hardware
platforms?
1.4 What are the current computer software platforms and
trends?
1.5 What are the current contemporary hardware platform?
Copyright © 2020, 2018, 2016 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved
Defining IT Infrastructure
• Set of physical devices and software required to operate
an enterprise
• Set of firm-wide services including:
– Computing platforms providing computing services
– Physical facilities management services
– I T management, education, and other services
• “Service platform” perspective
– More accurate view of value of investments
– What is IT infrastructure? 2minits
– https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UFQXNiHSXjg
– IT infrastructure video 6mnts
– https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RhSfQqmp-9Q
– Introduction to IT infrastructure 60minits
– https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=V6zJi8CU7Tk
Figure 1.1 Connection Between the
Firm, IT Infrastructure, and Business
Capabilities
Evolution of IT Infrastructure
• General-purpose mainframe and minicomputer era: 1959
to present
• Personal computer era: 1981 to present
• Client/server era: 1983 to present
• Enterprise computing era: 1992 to present
• Cloud and mobile computing: 2000 to present
• IT infrastructure Evolution 6mnt
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=seavKppAOoY
Figure 1.2 Stages in IT Infrastructure Evolution
Figure 1.3 A Multitiered (N-Tier)
Client/Server Network
Technology Drivers of Infrastructure
Evolution (1 of 2)
• Moore’s law and microprocessing power
– Computing power doubles every 2 years
– Nanotechnology
– Moore’s Law 3 mnts
– https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aWLBmapcJRU
• Law of Mass Digital Storage

– The amount of data being stored each year doubles
• Metcalfe’s Law and network economics
– Value or power of a network grows exponentially as a
function of the number of network members.
– Network theory 4mnts
– https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eM1KaaTez0A
Technology Drivers of Infrastructure
Evolution (2 of 2)
• Declining communication costs and the Internet
– Exponential growth in size of the Internet
• Standards and network effects
– Technology standards
 Specifications that establish the compatibility of
products and the ability to communicate in a
network
 Unleash powerful economies of scale and result in
price declines
Figure 5.4 Moore’s Law and
Microprocessor Performance
Figure 1.5 Falling Cost of Chips
Figure 1.6 The Amount of Storage Per
Dollar Rises Exponentially, 1950–
2016
Figure 1.7 Exponential Declines in
Internet Communications Costs
($/MBP S)
What Are the Components of IT
Infrastructure?
1. Computer hardware platforms
2. Operating system platforms
3. Enterprise software applications
4. Data management and storage
5. Networking/telecommunications platforms
6. Internet platforms
7. Consulting system integration services
IT Infrastructure Component 5 mnts
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=q_N1jjPepM4&list=TLPQMDUwMjIwMjBZAPjtX9BZCA&index=1
Figure 1.8 The IT Infrastructure
Ecosystem
Computer Hardware Platforms
• Client machines
– Desktop PC s, laptops
– Mobile computing: smartphones, tablets
– Desktop chips vs. mobile chips
• Servers
– https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UjCDWCeHCzY
• Mainframes
– I BM mainframe
– Digital workhorse for banking and telecommunications
networks
– Servers vs Desktop PCs as Fast As Possible 5mnts
– https://youtu.be/ByI1PHMcPJQ
Operating System Platforms
• Corporate servers
– Windows Server
– Unix
– Linux
• Client level
– Microsoft Windows
– Android, iO S, Windows 10 (mobile/multitouch)
– Google’s Chrome O S (cloud computing)
– Computer Basics: Understanding Operating Systems 3mnts

– https://youtu.be/pTdSs8kQqSA
Enterprise Software Applications
• In 2018, firms spend $389 billion on software for enterprise
applications
• Largest providers: SAP and Oracle
• Middleware providers: I B M, Oracle
• Hardware and Software 4mnts

• https://youtu.be/wwnQ9_PIYeU
• Type of software
• https://youtu.be/HkQKTkw6-Rw
How Computers Work: Hardware and Software 6mnts
https://youtu.be/xnyFYiK2rSY
• Why Do Computers Use 1s and 0s? Binary and Transistors Explained. 6mnts
• https://youtu.be/Xpk67YzOn5w
What Are the Current Trends in
Computer Hardware Platforms? (1 of 6)
• The mobile digital platform
– Smartphones
– Netbooks
– Tablet computers
– Digital e-book readers and apps (Kindle)
– Wearable devices
• Consumerization of IT and BYO D (bring your own device)
– Forces businesses and IT departments to rethink how
IT equipment and services are acquired and managed
– Trends in Computer Hardware Platforms 3mnts
– https://youtu.be/4QMKTji465c
• Quantum computing
– Uses quantum physics to represent and operate on
data
– Dramatic increases in computing speed
• Virtualization
– Allows single physical resource to act as multiple
resources (i.e., run multiple instances of O S)
– Reduces hardware and power expenditures
– Facilitates hardware centralization
– Software-defined storage (SDS)
• Cloud computing
– On-demand computing services obtained over network
 Infrastructure as a service (I a aS)
 Software as a service (SaaS)
 Platform as a service (Pa aS)
– Cloud can be public or private
– Allows companies to minimize IT investments
– Drawbacks: Concerns of security, reliability
– Hybrid cloud computing model
– What is Cloud Computing? 5mnts
– https://youtu.be/dH0yz-Osy54?list=TLPQMDUwMjIwMjAfovLDTxZw1g
• Edge computing
– Servers at the edge of the Internet
– Reducing latency, and network traffic
– What is edge computing? 2mnts
– https://youtu.be/2EfbQGByq2I?list=TLPQMDUwMjIwMjAfovLDTxZw1g
• Grid computing is a distributed architecture of large

numbers of computers connected to solve a complex
problem. In the grid computing model, servers or
personal computers run independent tasks and are loosely
linked by the Internet or low-speed networks.
Computers may connect directly or via scheduling systems
•difference between cloud computing and grid computing 4mnts
•https://youtu.be/XvkhMxlwsww?list=TLPQMDUwMjIwMjAfovLDTxZw1g
Figure 1.9 Cloud Computing Platform
• Green computing (Green IT )
– Practices and technologies for manufacturing, using,
disposing of computing and networking hardware
– Reducing power consumption a high priority
– Data centers
– Green Computing 3mnts
– https://youtu.be/z8uBDl4GLbM
• High performance, power-saving processors

– Multicore processors
– https://youtu.be/-aeac_9b6FA?list=TLPQMDUwMjIwMjBS6BBlGPP-zw
– Power-efficient microprocessors
• Autonomic computing (also known as AC) refers to the
self-managing characteristics of distributed
computing resources, adapting to unpredictable changes
while hiding intrinsic complexity to operators and users.
• Autonomic Computing 2nts
• https://youtu.be/EXHPPsNFEdM
• Trends in Computer Software Platforms 3mnts
• https://youtu.be/NAGIp_OD_9U
• Top 10 Technologies To Learn In 2020 | Trending Technologies In 2020 | Top IT Technologies | Edureka 10 mnts
• https://youtu.be/s6LrBex9NPA?list=TLPQMDUwMjIwMjAfovLDTxZw1g

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Chapter 1 - IT Infrastructure and Emerging Tech

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Computer Application In Management

Dr. Baharudin Bin Osman

Delivery Mode : Online Webex

Slide in this Presentation Contain Hyperlinks.

• IT infrastructure Evolution 6mnt

• Law of Mass Digital Storage

– Computer Basics: Understanding Operating Systems 3mnts

• Hardware and Software 4mnts

• Grid computing is a distributed architecture of large

• High performance, power-saving processors

• Trends in Computer Software Platforms 3mnts

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