WSS&ALP SECTION

Prepared by: Abdus Samad Khan

Sr.E-OGPS(WSS&ALP)
S/C:202640) 1
 Activities of WSS
A. Well Stimulation & Services:
 Sand Cleaning with CTU, FPU
 Well Activation by CTU & NPU
 Well Killing by CTU, FPU
 Gravel pack completion
 Dewaxing of Production well with CTU & HOCU
 Backwashing of water disposal wells with CTU, NPU/AC
B. Wireline services:
 Scraping of producing wells
 Fish recovery with wire line winch/swabbing hoist/CTU
C. Miscellaneous activities:
 SRP servicing
 Clearing of flow lines with HOCU
Different units in WSS & ALP section
SL. NO. UNIT QUANTITY
1 Coiled Tubing Unit 4
2 Nitrogen Pumping Unit 3
3 Fluid Pumping Unit 3
4 Hot Oil Circulation Unit 3
5 Hydraulic Wireline Winch 5
6 Swabbing Hoist 3
Different Hired well services in WSS & ALP section
SL. NO. UNIT PACKAGE
Schlumberger Asia Services Ltd. (2
1 Nos.) CTU, HOCU & NPU
2 Jaybee Energy Pvt. Ltd. (1 No.) CTU, HOCU & NPU
3 Bvishal Pvt. Ltd. (1 No.) CTU, HOCU & NPU
4 National Petroleum Services (1 No.) CTU, HOCU & NPU
5 Parveen Industries Pvt. Ltd. (1 No.) Air Compressor
6 Jaybee Energy Pvt. Ltd. (1 No.) Gravel Packing & Retrieval
 Coiled Tubing Unit
GUIDE
CONTROL TUBE REEL
ARC
CABIN ASSEMBLY

COILED
TUBING

INJECTOR

BOP

STRIPPER
 WHAT IS A COILED TUBING?

Description
 CT as a device:
 hydraulically powered service system to inject/retrieve a continuous string of tubing

 CT as a string:
 Coiled Tubing (CT) continuous Lengths of tubular small diameter steel pipes spooled
onto a take-up reel .
 The tube is nominally straightened prior to being inserted into the wellbore and is
recoiled for spooling back onto the reel.

BACK
CT applications
 The well pressure control equipment used with
CT allows operation to be safely conducted in
live wells

 CT provides a high pressure conduit to allow

accurate fluid placement and circulation into
well bore.
 CT may be run into or retrieved from, the well
while fluids are being pumped.
 CTU Operation- A Brief Description

• Unit is moved to site and placed at the well plinth. The

unit is placed perpendicular to the line of the arms and
the rear is about 10 feet away from the X-mass tree
• The power is transferred from the driving mode to
operation mode. This results in the PTO getting
engaged. The PTO drives the hydraulic pumps to power
the different equipments.
• The crane is operated to hoist the injector and the BOP
and place them on the well plinth and then couple
them up. The injector and the BOP are then bolted
atop the top valve of the x-mass tree.
• The stripper is energized to seal the CT.
CTU Operation – A Brief Description (contd.)

• Each of the BOP rams are tested by closing and

opening them.
• All the operating parameters viz. hydraulic
system pressure, control pressure, engine
RPM, engine temperature, stripper pressure,
traction pressure, reel brake, injector brake etc
are checked prior to RIH of the CT.
• Stripper pressure is maintained depending
upon the well head pressure. Higher extra
stripper pressure unnecessarily increases the
frictional drag.
CTU Operation – A Brief Description (contd.)
• The coils in the CT remain under tension and have a
tendency to uncoil. Thus minimum reel back pressure of
500psi is maintained while RIH the CT. While POOH the
pressure is increased to 1000psi to facilitate spooling.
• Thus traction pressure is maintained at a desired level to
grip the chain.
• While the CT is in the well, fluid flow through the CT is
always maintained.
• While RIH or POOH of the CT, the weight indicator is
monitored closely. This acts as an eye of the CT.
• The depthometer provides the depth of the CT end in a
well at any point of time.
Hot Oil Ciculation Unit (HOCU)

Hot Oil Circulation Unit

 HOT OIL CIRCULATING UNIT

HYDRAULIC
FT2 TANK DRIVER
LWC BURNER CABIN
CHARGE
FT 1
PUMP
TRIPLEX PUMP CONTROL
PANEL
TRUCK CHASIS

To CTU
 Dewaxing job

HOT OIL CUTTING WAX

COILED TUBING
WAX DEPOSIT
 WELL ACTIVATION BY USING CTU & NPU

COILED TUBING
HYDROSTATIC HEAD

LIQUID NITROGEN BUBBLES

31th May 2011

‘Productivityis never an accident. It is always the
result of commitment to excellence, intelligent
planning and focussed effort.

-Paul J. Meyer
 WHAT IS A COILED TUBING?

Description
 CT as a device:
 hydraulically powered service system to inject/retrieve a continuous string of tubing

 CT as a string:
 Coiled Tubing (CT) continuous Lengths of tubular small diameter steel pipes spooled
onto a take-up reel .
 The tube is nominally straightened prior to being inserted into the wellbore and is
recoiled for spooling back onto the reel.
 Raw material : Large coils of low alloy carbon steel

BACK
 Specialty of CT material

Coiled Tubing (CT) Mechanical Properties:

 Plastic deformation in a metallic is a permanent change in its geometry
(strain) caused by forces (loads) exceeding the material strength
 The mechanical performance of CT is fundamentally different from all
other tubular products in the petroleum industry because it plastically
deforms with normal use
 CT begins its working life plastically deformed on a reel and is repeatedly
subjected to additional plastic deformation in normal use
BACK
 Specialty of CT material (cont.)

Bending Strain:
 The figure below shows the locations of bends in the CT caused by common CT surface
equipment

BACK
 COMPONENTS OF CTU
1.Injector:
 To supply the force & traction to run/retrieve the CT in/out of the well
 Two endless Chains, fitted with Gripper blocks, mounted on either side of the CT
 A hydraulic tensioning system forces the chains and blocks together
 Hydraulic motor(s) drives the chains powering the CT in/out of the well

BACK
 COMPONENTS OF CTU (cont.)

2. Tubing
 Steel pipe 1” OD to 3.5” OD
 Yield strengths of 70,000, 80,000, 90,000, 100,000psi
 Relatively thin wall
 Finite life due to fatigue cycles (bending).

BACK
 COMPONENTS OF CTU (cont.)
3.Reel:
 To store or spool the CT

 Reel swivel allows fluids to be pumped through the tubing while the reel rotates

 Level wind assembly for proper spooling

BACK
 COMPONENTS OF CTU (cont.)

4. Power pack: A high power engine to

power the CTU and hydraulic pumps to
drive the different devices

5. Crane: For rigging up/down & other

hoisting operations.

6. Control Cabin: controls and

instrumentation

BACK
 PRESSURE CONTROL EQUIPMENT OF CTU

1. BOP: It has four sets of rams:-

 Blind ram
 Shear ram
 Slip ram
 Pipe ram

BACK
 PRESSURE CONTROL EQUIPMENT OF CTU (cont.)
2. Stuffing Box : Dynamic seal to
prevent well pressure while in operation

BACK
 Continuous Coiled Tubing Reel Specification:
• Grade of coiled tubing: QT 800 or HS-80- • Hydro test pressure: 8,400psi.
CM • Collapse pressure:8,830psi
• Make: Quality tubing Inc. OR Precision • Torsional yield strength:670lb/ft
Tubing • Minimum yield strength:80000psi
• Minimum tensile strength:88,000psi
• Specified outside diameter of CT: 1.25”
• Minimum elongation:28%
• Specified wall thickness: 0.087”
• Maximum hardness: Rockwell C22
• Length of the coil: 4816.0 meter / 15800.0
• Material: ASTM A-606 Type 4, Modified
feet
• Inside and outside of the tubing are be
• Calculated inside diameter: 1.076”
protected with corrosion inhibitor.
• Plain end weight: 1.082 lb/ft.
• Pipe body yield load:25,400lb
• Internal yield pressure: 10,500psi.

BACK
 ADVANTAGES OF CTU
The well pressure control equipment used with CTU allows operation to be
safely conducted in live wells.

 CT provides a high pressure conduit to allow accurate fluid placement

and circulation into well bore.

 CT may be run into or retrieved from, the well while fluids are being
pumped.

 The rigidity and strength of the CT can be used to push, as well as pull,
the tools and devices through restrictions or horizontal well bores.
 FLOW DIAGRAM OF HOCU

UNIT BURNER
LWC TANKER
CP TP
TANK

HOCU
MAJOR COMPONENTS OF HOCU (RUSH SALES)
1) TRUCK CHASIS: It consist of a Kenworth RHD k500 6×4 with a C-13 430 HP
Caterpillar diesel engine and Allison 4700 OFS 7 speed transmission.

2) HIGH PRESSURE PUMP: There is one Gardner Denver TEE triplex pump. The
pump is driven by the truck engine and transmission
RATINGS- 138 GPM @ 6200 PSI maximum pressure.

3) CHARGE PUMP: It is a 3’’ Viking gear pump. The pump is rated at 140GPM @
150 PSI.

4) FUEL STORAGE TANK: It consist of two 100 gallon Aluminium tanks.

5) HYDRAULIC STORAGE TANK: There is one 80 gallon hydraulic tank.

6) FLUID STORAGE TANK: There is one 35 bbl tank with 20’’ man-way and red-
line slight glass and gauge cocks for constant visible fluid level monitoring from
the operators control cabin

7) PIPE MANIFOLD: It consist of welded and flanged main piping systems. High
pressure plug valves, high pressure check valves and isolation valves.

8) MAIN CONTROL PANEL: It is located on the right side of the unit consisting of
electrical and control equipments required for the operation of the unit.

9) ELECTRICAL SYSTEM: It consists of 12VDC and 120VAC electrical power for

the lighting, control and safety system on the Hot Oil unit.
 • One of major problems faced in an oil well is the paraffin deposition
inside the tubing causing plugs and chokes. This is true especially for oils
with a high asphaltine base. The low ends of oil may build up on the
tubulars to the extent of completely shutting off the production.

• An effective method of relieving paraffin build up is to melt it with hot oil.

Specially designed units are used to heat the lease oil to 200 -500 *F and
either bull head into the well or circulate through workstring.
 High molecular weight hydrocarbons

Both straight-chained and branched

Carbon numbers ranging from 18 to 60

Organic like resins and asphaltenes

Associated inorganics such as sand, rust, iron sulfide and scale.

Reduction in temperature and pressure

Reduction in amount of solution gas decreases solubility of high molecular weight paraffins

Rapid expansion of associated gas

Temperature at which paraffin crystals start to form is known as cloud point

Severity of the deposition and location of deposition depends on

 Amount of paraffin
 Temperature
 Pressure
1. Mobilized CTU, NPU, HOCU and crude oil tankers to wellsite from WSS base.
2. Carried out pre-job safety meeting with all the personnel involved in the operation.
3. Recorded all wellhead pressures and checked Master valve, top valve and wing valves
for pressure holding.
4. Made-up BOP stack connection with the Christmas tree. Rigged up injector assembly
onto the BOP stack and secured it with crane, chain and headrest.
5. The downhole CT tools made-up of multiport nozzle with 2 inch paraffin cutting ring
and a flapper check valve connected with the bottom of the coiled tubing. Made –up
surface pipe connections and tested it upto 4500 psig.
6. Transferred LWC from crude oil tanker into the HOCU tank and heated it upto a
temperature of 80oC. Circulated the heated LWC into the CT until the return was
observed.
7. Pressure tested stripper, CT, BOP stack and valves upto 4500 psig and hold it upto to 10
mins to observe for any leaks.
8. Opened the well and RIH CT at slow speed of 15 m/min while pumping heated LWC at
the rate of 0.3-0.4 bpm and gradually increase the speed to 30 m/min.
9. After reaching the depth of 2000m, the CT was pulled out of the well.
10. The process was repeated until the restriction due to the wax was removed from the
No restriction found between the depth of 1000m
to 2000m upon running in and pulling out the
coiled tubing.
The well was cleaned of any wax and was ready to
be opened.