TRADITIONAL

LIVELIHOODS
IN
INDIA
LIVELIHOOD AND ITS IMPORTANCE
A person's livelihood refers to their "means of
securing the basic necessities (food, water,
shelter and clothing) of life". Livelihood is
defined as a set of activities essential to
everyday life that are conducted over one's life
span. Such activities could include securing
water, food, fodder, medicine, shelter, clothing.

Livelihoods are an important part of human

existence . In order for a population to survive
there is need for livelihoods that would sustain
and support their households. Economic
growth creates opportunities for a wider choice
of livelihoods.
 DIVERSITY AND LIVELIHOODS
 People living in Indian coast starting from West Bengal towards the south
have some pattern of the source of livelihoods. Similarly we find similarity
from area from north of Kerala to Gujarat along the coastal area. These
people are dependent upon marine products. People living in hilly areas are
more dependent on forests for their livelihood.
 People mastering English language usually finds jobs in offices. People
having knowledge in classical languages such as Sanskrit, Persian and Pali
are engaged in work in museums, history and archeology departments.
 Previously women used to work at home, now they are actively
participating in economic activities.
LIVELIHOOD IN ANIMAL HUSBANDRY
Animals as a whole play an important role
in the agricultural economy even though thy
often receive inadequate nourishment. The
slaughter of buffaloes is not as offensive to
the religious beliefs of Hindus and buffaloes
are slaughtered for meat.
There are eight breeds of buffalo, 26 cattle

breeds, and numerous crossbreeds. Bullocks

and water buffalo are important draft
animals. Dairy farming has made India self-
sufficient in butter and powdered milk.
LIVELIHOOD IN FISHING
 Fishing is an important secondary source
of income to some farmers and a primary
occupation in small fishing villages.
 The bulk is marketed fresh; of the
remainder, more than half is Sun dried.
Deep sea fishing is not done on a large
scale.
 Inland fishing is most developed in the
delta channels of Bengal an area where
fish is an important ingredient of the diet.
 The government has encouraged ocean
fishing through the establishment of
processing plants and the introduction of
deep-sea craft.
Livelihood in agriculture
 About 60% of the population is employed in the agricultural sector and
roughly 60% of the total land is farmed.

 India's major crops include rice wheat oilseed cotton jute t sugarcane
,onions and potatoes. Rice leads all crops and except in the Northwest is
generally grown whenever the conditions are suitable. In 2009 ,serial
production amounted to 240 6.7 million stems while fruit production was
70.4 million tons and vegetable production 92.8 million tons.

 Non food crops are mainly linseed ,cotton, jute and tobacco.

 For centuries, India has been famous for its spices and today is one of the
world's largest producers ,consumers ,and exporters of a wide range of
spices . Of the 63 spices grown in the country ,black pepper,
cardamom ,Ginger ,turmeric ,and chilies are the most economically
important.
 India was the world's second leading producer (after Brazil ) of sugarcane
in 2008. Production of raw sugar was enough to meet over 90% of
domestic consumption.
 Tea ,coffee ,and rubber plantations contribute significantly to the
economy although they occupy less than 1% of the agricultural land. It is
grown mostly in Assam and northern Bengal but also in Southern India
coffee is produced in Southern India and rubber in Kerala.
Livelihood in tourism industry
 Tourism is growing in India. The
national department of tourism
maintains tourist information offices at
home and abroad. It has constructed
many facilities for viewing wildlife in
forest regions by minibus, boat ,or
elephant and operates to tourist lodges
in wildlife sanctuaries.

 India's distinctive music dance theatre

festivals and reasons the great cities of
Calcutta Mumbai and Chennai and such
monuments as the Red fort and Jama
Masjid mosque in Delhi, the Taj Mahal
at Agra, and Amber palace in Jaipur.
Livelihood in rural tourism
Rural tourism includes any form of tourism that showcased
the rural
life art culture and heritage of rural locations. As Mahatma
Gandhi
once told ,”India lives in its villages.” Therefore rural tourism
has great
potential to be explored like colorful and captivating culture
of rural
area, beauty and bounty of nature, flora, and fauna etc.
Major types of rural tourism in India include:
 Agricultural tourism meant to know how farmers work
with crops.
 Cultural tourism that allows tourist tourists to be
immersed in local culture related activities like rituals and
festivals.
 Nature tourism meant to conserve the natural
environment and to improve the welfare of local people.
 Adventure tourism detests endurance off to its extreme
limits like climbing hills.
Livelihood in Indian handicraft
It provides employment towards last segment of class man in
rural and semi urban areas and generates substantial foreign
exchange besides preserving the rich cultural heritage of
India. There are approximately 70 lakh handicraft artisans in
the country.
The various crafts in India :
 Zari- is an even thread traditionally made of fine gold or
silver used in traditional India garments and curtains, etc.
Surat is the home of zari industry in India.
 Leather footwear and leather articles- the major
production centres in India Chennai and Ranipet in Tamil
Nadu, Mumbai in Maharashtra ,Agra and Kanpur in UP.
 Carpet- various kinds of carpets produced are hand
knotted woolen carpets, tufted woolen carpets ,handmade
woolen and silk carpets. Major centres of production are
Varanasi, Mirzapur ,Agra ,Jaipur ,Bikaner ,Gwalior ,etc.
THANK YOU

PRESENTED BY : PRABHAT THAKUR

BBA-II