Cable

Coaxial Straight-Through
Copper Cable
UTP/STP Cross-Over

Console

RJ-45
 Twisted-pair

Baseband coaxial cable is commonly used for digital transmission. Broadband coaxial
cable is commonly used for analog transmission. A major difference is that broadband
systems can cover a bigger area than baseband systems.
 Copper Standard

100 1000 1000

Requirement
BASE-TX BASE-T BASE-CX

Category 5 Category 5
Media STP
UTP 2 pair UTP 4 pair

Length Cable 100 m 100 m 25 m

Connector RJ-45 RJ-45 RJ-45

 Name Type Bandwidth Applications
Level 1 0.4 MHz Telephone and modem lines

Level 2 4 MHz Older terminal systems

Cat3 UTP 16 MHz 10BASE-T and 100BASE-T4 Ethernet

Cat4 UTP 20 MHz 16 Mbit/s Token Ring
Cat5 UTP 100 MHz 100BASE-TX & 1000BASE-T Ethernet
Cat5e UTP 100 MHz 100BASE-TX & 1000BASE-T Ethernet

Cat6 UTP 250 MHz 10GBASE-T Ethernet

Cat6a 500 MHz 10GBASE-T Ethernet
Telephone, CCTV, 1000BASE-TX in the same cable.
Class F S/FTP 600 MHz
10GBASE-T Ethernet.
Telephone, CATV, 1000BASE-TX in the same cable.
Class Fa 1000 MHz
10GBASE-T Ethernet.
 Optical Standard

100 1000 1000

Requirement
BASE-FX BASE-SX BASE-LX

62.5/125 micron 62.5/50 micron 9 micron

Media
Multimode fiber Multimode fiber Single-mode fiber

275 m
(62.5 micron)
Length Cable 400 m 3-10 km
550 m
(50 micron)

Duplex media interface

Connector --- ---
connector (MIC) ST
RJ-45 Jack
 Straight-Through Cable
T568A
T568B T568A
T568B

T568A Crossover Cable T568B

 Straight-Through Cable
T568A T568A
 Straight-Through Cable
T568B T568B
T568A Crossover Cable T568B
 Straight-Through vs Crossover

Group1 Group2
Straight-Through vs Crossover
Kềm bấm cáp mạng
Máy test cáp
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 Serial Connector

T1 T2
To T1 circuit

To router