1.

Speech to Inform

• aims to achieve clarity and

understanding by answering the basic
questions what, how and why through
topics that are non-controversial a non-
debatable. According to its message, a
speech to inform is classified as:
 a) Explanation or
Demonstration
• It presents how something is done,
developed, operated or acquired. This is
often called the how-to speech. Examples
such as:
1. How to put icing on a cake.
2. How to shine your shoes in 3
minutes.
3. How to make your own belt.
 Variation of this kind is an
explanation of the negative or how
something should not be done, such
as:

1. How a telephone should not be

used.
2. How vegetables should not be
cooked.
 This negative approach can also
be used to inject humor in a speech
when stated in the affirmative, in
such topics as: How to be a movie
addict and how to be a chain smoker.
 b) Description
It constructs mental images of people,
places or things. It stirs the listener’s mind
into drawing a mental picture of what is
being said.
Describing sizes shapes, weight, color,
age, and/or condition of the subject should
be carefully planned since imagery is the
prime concern of this speech.
 Words used should appeal to the senses
in order to create images. Thus, a person,
place or object is described according to
how it looks sounds, smells, tastes, feels or
moves.
Examples:
1. “The Pieta”
2. “A Beehive with No Bees”
3. “What I Think of the Man Who
Made This Statue
4. “The Picnic Table
 c) Definition
It discusses the particular meaning
of general or abstract words and phrase
like determination, morality, or
controversial concepts such as an ideal
job, the macho man, the third sex, or
women’s liberation.
 This kind of speech also uses comparison
and contrast, analogy, elimination (use of
negation to define a term), enumeration or
classification, and a step-by-step analysis
of a process to discuss an idea.
 A speech to inform can be made
interesting by relating the information to the
lives and experiences of the audience, by
presenting startling information, and by
presenting humorous information.
2. Speech to Persuade
Attempts to influence the attitude
and behavior of an audience. The purpose
or goal of persuasion is more than
making the audience understands the
opinion; it also aims in making the
audience accepts the opinion and follows
the recommended course of action.
• A successful persuasive speaker
always starts with a clearly stated
persuasive purpose, often referred
to as proposition
• The proposition must be made
impelling
• It should satisfy a want, need, hope,
aspiration or ideal; or reinforce a
culture pattern (a way of life)
• If the purpose of the persuasive speech is
to stimulate, inspire, create morale, or
intensify ideals, persuasion is attained by
vitalizing old desires, ideals or culture
patterns
• However, if the purpose is to secure
acceptance of new beliefs, development of
new attitudes, or adoption of new courses
of action, persuasion is attained by
presenting new desires, ideals or culture
patterns in place off the old ones.
 There are three basic kinds of
propositions: fact, value and policy. A
proposition of fact is a statement about
the truth of falsity of a supposed fact such
as “Shakespeare” plays were written by
someone else,” Price control lessens
inflation,” “Women are superior to men.”
In giving these statements, the
speaker’s objective is to seek audience
acceptance of the proposition.
 A proposition of value involves
value judgment such as these examples:
“School drop-outs can be useful to
society,” “Our basketball team is the
best,” “The elimination of special school
holidays is unjustified.”
These statements are concerned with
the rightness or wrongness, justice or
injustice, goodness or badness of the
opinion.
 The proposition of policy is
concerned with the acceptance of a
particular course of action, such as,
“All special holidays should be
eliminated,” “Let’s take Santa
Clause out of Christmas,” and
“Tuition fees should not be
increased.”
 
1. SPEECHES OF COURTESY

These speeches given to perform

appropriate acts of courtesy and
goodwill on public occasions such as
introducing a speaker, welcoming a
guest, responding to the welcome,
presenting a gift or an award, or saying
farewell at a ceremony.
 A speech of courtesy must be brief.
It must present interesting facts and new
materials. It must reveal a pleasant
relationship – a personal or of the
organization you present.
Presenting positive and favorable
information about the group and the
speaker, a speech of courtesy is marked by
a gracious and pleasant mood and may
have a large dose of wit and humor.
a. Speech of Introduction

In introducing a speaker, get the

goodwill of the speaker and the
listeners, get the audience ready to
listen, and put the speaker in a
favorable position. The following will
help bring about these objectives:
1.Tell something about the speaker
and his particular relationship to the
subject of the talk.
2. Touch on the significance of the
occasion.
3. Tell an anecdote about the speaker or
the topic to awaken listener interest
4.Avoid long elaborate details about the
speaker’s life.
5.Avoid placing the speaker in an unfavorable
light or giving too much of a build up.
4.
 If the purpose of the persuasive speech is
to stimulate, inspire, create morale, or intensify
ideals, persuasion is attained by vitalizing old
desires, ideals or culture patterns.
However, if the purpose is to secure
acceptance of new beliefs, development of new
attitudes, or adoption of new courses of action,
persuasion is attained by presenting new
desires, ideals or culture patterns in place off
the old ones.
FIN