SEMINAR ON

CARDIOMEGALY
PRESENTED BY:
SREEJA S
DEFINITION
A heart condition that causes the heart to
become larger than normal as a result of
heart disease. Cardiomegaly is most
often linked to high blood pressure, but it
can also occur as a result of other heart
conditions, such as congestive heart
failure, and other non-cardiac causes
such as long-term anemia.
 Cardiomegaly is an unusual cardiac
condition in which the human heart
grows larger in size and becomes bigger
than it usually is. The disease is also
known as “Enlarged Heart”.
 Cardiomegaly is a condition wherein the
heart enlarges in a cardiothoracic ratio
of more than 0.50. ie, more than 50%
ETIOLOGY AND RISK
FACTORS
ETIOLOGY AND RISK FACTORS

 Dilation
 Ventricular hypertrophy
  Cardiomyopathy
 Heart valvular disease.
 High blood pressure
 Anemia
 Pompe disease
 Thyroid disorders
 Hemochromatosis
 Dwarfism
 Amyloidosis
 Congestive Heart Failure
OTHER CAUSES
 Chagas Disease
 toxication of blood due to alcoholism and drug abuse
 Endomyofibrosis
 Endurance Athletic Training
 Familial Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
 Medications
 Nutritional Deficiencies (Selenium, Thiamine, L-
Carnitine)
 Pregnancy/Postpartum Period
 Viral Infections
TYPES OF
CARDIOMEGALY
 DILATED
 HYPERTROPHIC
 RESTRICTIVE
SYMPTOMS
 SOB
 Dizziness ,light headedness and fainting
 Fatigue and weakness
 Chest pain
 Palpitations
 Tissue swelling
MEDICAL MANAGEMENT
 Diuretics
 Angiotensin-converting
enzyme inhibitors
 Angiotensin Receptor Blockers
 Beta blockers
 Anticoagulants
 Cardioglycosides
MEDICAL DEVICES AND SURGERIES
0R CARDIAC RESYNCHRONIZATION
THERAPY
 Implantation of a pacemaker
 Heart pump
 Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator
 Heart valve repair
 Heart transplant
LIFE STYLE MODIFICATIONS

 Diet
 Control Diabetes
 Reduce Alcohol Consumption
COMPLICATIONS
 Heart Failure
 Blood Clots
 Heart Murmur
 Arrhythmias