Basic Mechanical Engineering

Unit V MANUFACTURING PROCESS

 INTRODUCTION TO JOINING
PROCESS
Mechanical joining
Adhesive joining
Welding

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 OVERVIEW OF JOINING
METHODS
 Mechanical joining
 Screwed fasteners, rivets,
 Adhesive bonding
Epoxy resin, Fevicol
Welding
Welding, Brazing and soldiering

 Each type of joint offers different load carrying capacity, reliability,

compatibility in joining of similar or dissimilar materials
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WeldingINTRODUCTION TO WELDING
Welding is a materials joining process which produces coalescence of materials by
heating them to suitable temperatures with or without the application of pressure or
by the application of pressure alone, and with or without the use of filler material.
Applications
Buildings and bridges structures;
Automotive, ship and aircraft constructions;
Pipe lines;
Tanks and vessels;
Railroads;
Machinery elements
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 INTRODUCTION TO WELDING
Advantages
Strong and tight joining;
Cost effectiveness;
Simplicity of welded structures design;
Welding processes may be mechanized and automated
Disadvantages
Internal stresses, distortions and changes of micro-structure in the weld region;
Harmful effects: light, ultra violate radiation, fumes, high temperature

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 TYPES OF WELDING JOINTS
Butt joint
Lap joint
Corner joint
Tee joint
Edge joint

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WELD TERMS

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Autogenous welding:

If a weld is made without any addition of filler metal is termed as Autogenous weld.
Thin tube to tube sheet Austenitic stainless steels can be welded using GTAW process without addition of filler metal
can be called as Autogenous welding.
Using Electro beam & laser, Autogenous welding can also be done

Homogeneous Welding:

If a weld is made with addition of filler metal, where the composition of filler metal is equal to the composition of
base metal to be welded

Heterogeneous Welding:

If a weld is made with addition of over alloyed filler metal, i.e. the chemical composition of the filler metal will be
superior than the base metal.Good example is welding of Duplex stainless steel base metal say 2209 UNS S31803
using super duplex stainless steel filler metal say ER 2594.
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