GEOGRAPHY

REVISION
 UNSCRAMBLE

• ABCORATINON (It refers to the absorption of carbon

dioxide from the atmosphere by minerals present in the
rocks.)
• HSDIYROYSL (This process involves the chemical
breakdown of rocks as they react with water and forms
clay.)
• HNYODIATR (In this process the hydrogen present in
water and air reacts with rocks and dissolves them.)
• LEKSNIHO (This landform is formed when the
limestone or other carbonate rock below the land
surface naturally dissolve by the circulating ground
water.)
 G I VE O N E EX A M PL E O F A R O C K U N D ER G O IN G
TH E FO LL O W IN G PR O C ESS ES O F
C H E M IC A L W EATH ER I N G :

• a. Oxidation: ____________________
• b. Carbonation: ____________________
• c. Hydrolysis: ____________________
• d. Hydration: ____________________

Ans. (hematite, marble, granite, feldspar)

 A N S W E R T H E F O L L O W I N G

• Weathering and erosion of a rock material leads to _________________ while deposition leads
to ______________________.
• Ans. (degradation; aggradation)
• What is aggradation?
• Ans. The rock fragments obtained from degradation get filled in the low – lying areas on the
surface of the earth which results in an increase in the elevation of these areas. This process is
thus termed as deposition or aggradation. For instance, the eroded materials are transported
by the rivers and deposited along the river banks or at the delta or even on the sea bed near
the river mouth.
• How does the rust get formed on Limonite rock?
• Ans. When certain minerals present in the rocks, particularly iron ore such as limonite, react
with the oxygen in air and rain water, the chemical reaction forms rust on the rocks, changing
their colour into reddish brown and breaks them down easily.
• Define: Oxidation, Hydration
• Ans. Oxidation: Oxidation is the process by which minerals present in the rocks absorb
oxygen from the air.
• Ans. Hydraton: The breakdown of rocks as they absorb water is referred as hydration.
 ANSWER THE FOLLOWING

• Explain the formation process of Bird’s Foot delta.

• Ans. This type of delta consists of very fine sediments such as silt. The river channel divides into very few
distributaries and these maintain clearly defined channels across the delta. E.g.: Delta of Mississippi.
• How are Cataracts formed?
• Ans. Due to the unequal resistance of hard and soft rocks traversed by a river, the outcrop of a bend of hard rock may
cause a river to ‘jump’ or ‘fall’ down - stream.This way Rapids are formed. Similar falls of greater dimensions are
referred to as cataracts.
• What is load of a river? What does it include? Mention the three forms of it.
• Ans. Rivers carry out the processes of erosion and transportation simultaneously. Eroded materials are transported by
river water and are called the load of a river. It includes large boulders and rocks, as well as fine gravel, sand and silt.
Load may be in three forms: Bed load, suspension load, load in solution.
• Under what conditions does:
• (a) The volume of a river decrease?
• Ans. The volume of the river decreases upon deposition in the lower course.
• (b) The speed of a river decrease?
• Ans. The speed of the river decreases upon reduction in gradient/slope.
 MATCH

• Column A Column B
• 1. Canyon a) Lateral deposition
• 2. Lateral corrasion b) Formation of distributaries
• 3. Mountain course c) Magnified gorge
• 4. Plain course d) Loop–like bend
• 5. Deltaic course e) Mortlake
• 6. Pot holes f) Sideways erosion
• 7. I-shaped valley g) Raised banks
• 8. Natural levee h) Vertical erosion
• 9. Ox–bow lake i) Gorge
• 10. Meander j) Depressions in the river bed
 ANSWERS

• Column A Column B
• 1. Canyon Magnified Gorge
• 2. Lateral corrasion Sideways Erosion
• 3. Mountain course Vertical erosion
• 4. Plain course Lateral deposition
• 5. Deltaic course Formation of Distributaries
• 6. Pot holes Depressions in the river bed
• 7. I-shaped valley Gorge
• 8. Natural levee Raised banks
• 9. Ox–bow lake Mortlake
• 10. Meander Loop-like bend
ALL THE BEST!!