HUMAN PERSON IN THE

SOCIETY
LESSON 13
WHAT DRIVES HUMAN BEING TO
ESTABLISH SOCIETIES?
• Human person by nature is a social being.
• Good did not create human as a solitary being, but wanted
him/her to be a social being.
• The person and the society are inseparable which means
one cannot exist without the other.
 SOCIETY
• Is an organized group of people whose members interact
frequently and have a common territory and culture.
• Refers to a companionship or friendly association with others.
• It provides opportunities to further growth in the coming
years.
 SOCIAL CONTRACT THEORY

Jean Jacques John Locke John Rawls

Thomas Hobbes
Rousseau
THOMAS HOBBES

• He describes the condition in the state of nature as “a war of

all against all”
• Everyone is at war with everyone else due to some factors.
• “Social Contract” an agreement where individuals sacrifice
an amount of their freedom and submit to a higher authority.
 JOHN LOCKE

• “Consent of the Government” a person’s I their natural states

are more cooperative and reasonable and that society is formed
through the consent of individual that organized it.
• All humans are created equal by God
• Cooperation
JEAN JACQUES ROUSSEAU

• Based on the assumption that the people have empowered the

government to act on their behalf.
• Advocate the concept of “General Will”
• People in the state of natural deal with this scarcity by means
of self-empowerment.
 JOHN RAWLS

• Human being approach social cooperation in a rational manner

in order to meet their individual self interest.
• “Original position”
• “Viel of Ignorance” – no knowledge as having a
characteristics such as gender, race, or social status.
• Seek a fare and just society.
Different Forms
of Society
 HUNTING AND GATHERING SOCIETY

• Recognized as the earliest and

simplest form of society.
• Members treated equally
• People hunt and gather food
• Nomadic
 HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY

• Grow croops with simple tools

• Task assigned according to gender
• Semi-nomadic
 PASTORAL SOCIETY

• Raised livestock
• This type of society is
characterized by the
domestication of animals for
food for a more stable and
predictable food supply.
 AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY

• Involves in the large-scale and

long-term cultivation of crops
and domestication of animals.
• Improved technology and the use
of tools to aid farming.
• Money became a form of
exchange for good and services.
 FEUDAL SYSTEM

• Based on the ownership of land

• Originated during Medieval Age
• Memebers of society are
organized based on status.
INDUSTRIAL
SOCIETY

• Used of specialized machinery

• Industrial revolution
• Work is done in factories
• They are wealthier than
agricultural society and have
greater sense of individualism.
POST-INDUSTRIAL
SOCIETY (VIRTUAL/
COMPUTER SOCIETY

• People use technology and

internet to communicate
• Virtual society
• Digital citizen
• State – is a political human organization that is sovereign and
supreme in exercising it’s authority within it’s territory.
• Nation – refers to the group of people based on language, culture,
ethnicity, and others.
• Norms – set of traits and behavior that society consider acceptable.
• Law – more formal and stringent norms that establish and define
acceptable behavior of citizen.
• Folkways – are less formal norms that arise from tradition and do not
result in punishment when violated.