Topic :Electromagnetic Radiation

& Quantisation of Energy

Paper 302 Unit IIII
Anindita Roy
Roll No. 1
R J College
Ghatkopar West
 Electromagnetic Radiation (EMR)
• These are produced by the oscillation of electrical charge and
magnetic field residing on the atom.
• The electrical and magnetics components are perpendicular to
each other.
• The energy carried by an EMR is directly proportional to its
frequency.
• The emissions and absorptions of the radiation is quantized &
each quantum of radiation is called photon.
Characteristics of EMR
• The EMR are characterized by their wavelength , frequency and wave
number.
• A) WAVE LENGTH ( ): Distance between two crest or trough in a
particular wave is called wavelength. It is denoted by lambda.
• B) WAVE NUMBER : It is defined as the total number of waves which
can pass through a space of 01 cm. It is reciprocal of the wavelength.
It is denoted by nu bar.
Characteristics of EMR
• C) FREQUENCY (f) : It is defined as the number of waves which can
pass through a point in one second. It is expressed as cycles per
second or in Hertz (Hz) i;e 1 c/s = 1 Hz.

• D) AMPLITUDE : Height of the crest and depth of the trough.

• E) EM WAVE VELOCITY (c): The distance by the EM wave in one

second, where c = f
QUANTIZATION OF ENERGY
• EM Radiation has a dual nature. It behaves as a wave and sometimes as
particles
• In order to explain this dual nature of EM radiation, Max Plank has given
the theory of quantization of energy.
• According to this theory matter absorbs energy of electromagnetic
radiation discontinuously, but it absorbs the radiation in the form of
small energy packets called quanta.
• In case of light radiation each quantum is called a photon. Each quantum
of energy has a definite amount of energy which is directly proportional
to the frequency of the radiation emitted or absorbed. So E = h f = h c /
QUANTIZATION OF ENERGY
• This energy can be absorbed or emitted only in multiples of quantum i;e 1 quanta = 1 hf , 2 quanta
= 2 hf , 3 quanta = 3 hf.
• But , there is no such half quanta.

Energy Emission Energy absorption

• If E 1 and E 2 are two energy states, then transition of electrons is only possible when appropriate
energy delta E is either absorbed or emitted. According to Plank’s theory this energy is quantized.
• delta E = E2 – E1 = hf or h
REFERENCES
• Concept of Quantization of Energy : https://youtu.be/7ZvW9G-i1HI
• byjus.com/physics/electromagnetic-radiation
• [pdf notes] Electromagnetic Radiation - Physics class notes download (
physicsteacher.in)
• Light, Matter, and Geometry: The Cornerstones of Appearance Modell
ing (dtu.dk)
• https://courses.lumenlearning.com/physics/chapter/29-1-
quantization-of-energy/
THANK YOU !!!!