STUDY OF AUTOMOBILE DISC BRAKING

SYSTEM
ABSTRACT
• A brake is a mechanical device which slowing or stopping a moving object or preventing its
motion in the vehicle. Without brake system in the vehicle will put a passenger in unsafe
position. Therefore, it is must for all vehicles to have proper brake system. A disc brake is a type
of brake that uses calipers to squeeze pairs of pads against a rotor in order to create friction that
retards the rotation of a shaft, such as a vehicle axle, either to reduce its rotational speed or to
hold it stationary. The energy of motion is converted into waste heat which must be
dispersed. Hydraulic disc brakes are the most commonly used form of brake for motor vehicles
but the principles of a disc brake are applicable to almost any rotating shaft.
• This paper presents study of performance of disc brake to evaluate the performance under
severe braking conditions. This is important to understand action force and friction force on the
disc brake material, how disc brake works more efficiently, which can help to reduce the
accident that may happen in each day.
INTRODUCTION
 Brake rotors of disc brakes rotate with the wheels, and brake pads, which are fitted to the
brake calipers, clamp on these rotors to stop or decelerate the wheels. The brake pads pushing
against the rotors generate friction, which transforms kinetic energy into a thermal energy..
 This thermal energy generates heat, but since the main components are exposed to the
atmosphere, this heat can be diffused efficiently. This heat-dissipating property reduces brake
fade, which is the phenomenon where braking performance is influenced by the heat.
 Disc brakes are generally used in passenger cars, but due to their stable performance at higher
speeds and resistance to brake fade, they are gradually spreading into the commercial vehicle
segment, where drum brakes were traditionally chosen for their longer service life. There is
increasing demand from customers for longer service life and higher quality, and Akebono is
committed to meeting them through further development of the disc brake’s reliability. 
OBJECTIVE

The main objective of the project is to design and analyze the disc brake system of an
automobile.

The model has been developed using Catia software and analysis is done using Ansys
by importing the model.
WHAT IS A BRAKE
A disc brake is a type of brake that uses calipers to squeeze pairs of pads against a
disc or "rotor" to create friction. This action retards the rotation of a shaft, such as
a vehicle axle, either to reduce its rotational speed or to hold it stationary. The
energy of motion is converted into waste heat which must be dispersed.
TYPICAL DISC BRAKE
ARRANGEMENT OF DISC BRAKES IN AUTOMOBILE
PARTS OF DISC BRAKING SYSTEM

CALIPERS AND BRAKE

BRAKE PADS DISC AND PISTON LINES
WORKING PRINCIPLE
• When the driver steps on the brake pedals, the power is amplified by the brake booster (servo
system) and converted to hydraulic pressure (oil pressure) by the master cylinder. The pressure
reaches the brake on the wheels through a tubing filled with brake oil (brake fluid). The
distributed pressure pushes the piston on the brakes of the four wheels.
• In turn, piston brake pads, which are friction materials, press against the brake rotors that rotate
with the wheels. The pad mounts to the rotors from both sides and screws the wheels, slowing
down & stopping the vehicle.
• When the brake pedals are pressed, the high-pressure liquid from the master cylinder pushes
the piston outward. The rotating disc prevents the piston brake pads.
• The inner brake pad touches the rotor, fluid pressure increases the forward force, and the
caliper moves inward and pulls the outer brake pad towards the rotating disc, and it touches the
disc.
• Now both brake pads are pushing the rotating disc. , A large amount of friction between the pad
and the rotating disc is generated and slows the vehicle down and, ultimately allows it to stop.
• When a brake pad comes out, the piston moves inward, the brake pad away from the rotating
disc. And the vehicle starts moving again.
WORKING MECHANISM
PARTS OF BRAKING
SYSTEM
• Brake Caliper
• Piston Housing
• Disc
• Brake Pads
• Wheel Hub
• Hexagonal Nuts
ADVANTAGES OF DISC BRAKE

 It is lighter than the drum brake.

 It is better cooled (because the braking surface is directly
exposed to air).
 This provides better resistance to fade.
 It provides uniform pressure distribution.
 Replacement of brake pads is easy.
 By design, they are self-adjusting brakes.
 Replacement of brake pads is easy.
DISADVANTAGES OF DISC BRAKE

 It is more expensive than drum brakes.

 High pedal pressure is required to stop the vehicle.
 This brake system is installed with a Vacuum booster.
 There is no servo action.
 A suitable parking attachment is difficult to attach.
CONCLUSION

• Thecomponents are studied and showing us that clearly each

component in working successfully.
• The optimal mathematical model which includes deformation of
disc braking system and quality of disc brakes and disc pad
calipers. 
• The study is carried out for standard brake model used in vehicle
and the better result.
REFERENCES

• Deaton, Jamie Page (11 November 2008). Retrieved 26 November 2017.

•Merriam-Webster Dictionary. 16 November 2017. Retrieved 26 November2017.
•Lentinello, Richard (April 2011). Hemmings Sports & Exotic Car. Retrieved 26 November 2017.
•Disk brake for use in motor cars, airplanes, and the like US 2323052 A
•Lang worth, Richard M. (1994). Chrysler and Imperial: The Postwar Years. Motor books
International.
•Auto Editors of Consumer Guide (26 October 2007). Auto. How stuff works.com. Retrieved 14
December 2015.
•Auto Editors of Consumer Guide (27 November 2007).