Chapter 4

Force System Resultants

1
Force system resultants
APPLICATIONS

Moment of a
force

2
Moment of a force
APPLICATIONS

What is the net effect of the two forces on the wheel?

3
Moment of a force
APPLICATIONS

What is the effect of the 30 N force on the lug nut?

4
Moment in 2-D

The moment of a force about a point provides a measure of the tendency for rotation.

5
Moment in 2-D

In the 2-D case, the magnitude of the moment is

Mo = F d

As shown, d is the perpendicular distance from point O to the line of action of the force.

In 2-D, the direction of MO is either clockwise or counter-clockwise depending on the

tendency for rotation.
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 Moment in 2-D

For example, MO = F d and the direction is counter-clockwise.

F
a
b
O

Using this approach, MO = (FY a) – (FX b). Note the different signs on the terms!

Fy F

Fx
b a
O
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 Example # 1
Calculate the moment of the force about point O.

8
Example # 2
Given: A 400 N force is applied to the
frame and  = 20°.
Find: The moment of the force at A.

Plan:
1) Resolve the force along x and y axes.
2) Determine MA using scalar analysis.

9
Example # 2

Solution
Fx = - 400 cos 20°= -375.88 N



Fy = - 400 sin 20° = -136.81 N
MA = (375.88)(2) + (136.81)(3) N·m
= 1160 N·m

10
Group problem solving

Given: The shown forces

Find: The moment of the force at O.
Plan:
 Resolve the force along x and y axes.
 Determine MO using scalar analysis.

11
Uniformly distributed loading

12
Analyzing Distributed Loads

13
EXAMPLES

14
Reduction of a system of forces

  Resultant force is obtained by adding all the forces of the system.

 Moment resultant of the system is obtained by adding the moments about O of all the
forces of the system
15
Example
Given: The loading on the beam as shown.
Find: Reduce the given system of forces to
A. an equivalent force-couple system at A
B. an equivalent force-couple system at B
C. a single force or resultant.

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 Example
A.Force-couple system at A

 𝑅=∑ 𝐹=150 −600+100 − 250=600 𝑁

⟹
 
  𝑀 𝐴 =−600 ∗ 1. 6+100 ∗ 2 .8 − 250∗ 4 .8=−1880 𝑁 . 𝑚
∑

B.Force-couple system at B

 𝑅=∑ 𝐹=150 −600+100 − 250=600 𝑁

⟹
 
  𝑀 𝐵 =−100 ∗ 2+ 600∗ 3 . 2−150 ∗ 4 . 8=1000 𝑁 . 𝑚
∑
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 Example

C.a single force or resultant.

 𝑅=600 𝑁 ⟹
 

 𝑀 𝑅 =𝑅 ∗ 𝑥
𝐴

1880=600∗
  𝑥
  from point A

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Group problem solving

Given: The loading on the beam as shown.

Find: The equivalent force and its location
from point A.

19
Find:
a) The equivalent resultant force
b) Couple moment acting at A
c) The equivalent single force location measured from A.

20
Determine the moment about point B of each of the three forces acting on the beam

21