Joining Processes

PRESENTED BY,
RADHAKRISHNAN P
Assistant Professor
Toc H Institute of Science & Technology,
Cochin
 JOINING Importance of manufacturing process
o For example :the product is impossible to be
PROCESS produced in a single step. Assume (Fig1)
It is an exclusive term which is that if each part of the arms is 5m, tubes
used in covering processes such as 100mm in diameter and their thickness is
welding, brazing, soldering, 1mm. When understanding all the
Adhesive bonding and
Mechanical fastening.
manufacturing processes ,we can say that
These are important aspects manufacturing this part in one single piece
Of manufacturing operations. is impossible.
o Transporting the product in individual
components and assembling later will be
more cost effective than transporting the
item as whole.
o The products such as automobile engines,
printers etc can be taken to repair so that it

is designed so as to be taken apart in parts.

Fig 1
 Various Parts in an automobile assembled using joining process
Classification
There are many ways in which the joining
process can be categorized. Here,
Joining the process falls in mainly three
categories:
1)Welding
2)Adhesive bonding
3) Mechanical fastening

;
Comparison of various Joining Method
 Characteristics of joining process
• Fusion welding: The Melting together and coalescing of materials by means
of heat. It comprises of consumable and non consumable electrode arc
welding and high energy beam welding process. Joints undergoes
metallurgical and physical changes. This will have a major effect on the
properties and performance of welded component.
• Solid state welding: Joining takes place without fusion. There is no liquid
phase in the joint. The basic categories are diffusion bonding and cold,
ultrasonic, friction and explosion welding.
• Diffusion bonding combined with superplastic forming has become an
important manufacturing process of complex shapes. Brazing and Soldering
uses filler metals and involve lower temperature than welding, heat is
supplied externally.
• Adhesive bonding: It has a unique application of requiring strength, sealing,
insulation etc. to corrosion between dissimilar metals. These are electrically-
conducting adhesives for surface mount technologies.
• Mechanical Fastening: Involves traditional methods of using various fasteners,
bolts, nuts and rivets. Joining plastics can be done by adhesive bonding ,fusion
by external or internal heat sources and mechanical fastening.
• Factors affecting joining process
# Application # Materials Involved
# Joint Design # Shapes of Component
The other considerations are:
# Location of joint within product.
# Number of individual components.
# Operater skill required.
# Equipment cost.
# Labour cost.

 Joints made by
various joining
process…………