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Anti Hunger Measures - India
Anti Hunger Measures - India
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NOTE - The maximum income level for the population to be covered under BPL was kept at Rs.
15,000 per annum. The TDPS provides wheat at Rs. 2/kg., rice Rs. 3/kg and millets at the Rs. 1/kg
to the BPL families.
Total number of families covered under BPL and AAY is presently 6.52 crore.
How PDS System Functions
Antyodaya Anna Yojana (AAY)
Launched in December, 2000 for one crore poorest of the poor families.
AAY involved identification of one crore poorest of the poor families from
amongst the number of BPL families covered under TPDS within the States
Providing them food grains at a highly subsidized rate of
Rs.2/- per kg. for wheat
Rs.3/- per kg for rice
The States/UTs were required to bear the distribution cost, including margin to
dealers and retailers as well as the transportation cost.
The scale of issue that was initially 25 kg per family per month was increased
to 35 kg per family per month with effect from 1st April 2002.
Expansion of AAY
The AAY Scheme was expanded in 2003-04 by adding another 50 lakh BPL households headed by
widows
terminally ill persons
disabled persons
persons aged 60 years or more with no assured means of subsistence or societal support.
As announced in the Union Budget 2004-05, the AAY was further expanded by another 50 lakh BPL families by including all
households at the risk of hunger :-
Landless agriculture labourers
Marginal farmers
Rural artisans /craftsmen, such as potters, tanners, weavers, blacksmiths, carpenters
Slum dwellers
Persons earning their livelihood on daily basis in the informal sector like porters, coolies, rickshaw pullers, hand cart pullers,
fruit and flower sellers, snake charmers, rag pickers, cobblers
Single women
Single men with no family or societal support
Assured means of subsistence.
All primitive tribal households.
As announced in the Union Budget 2005-06, the AAY was expanded to cover another 50 lakh BPL households thus
increasing its coverage to 2.5 crore households (i.e. 38% of BPL). Order to this effect was issued on 12th May, 2005.
Pradhan Mantri Garib Kalyan Yojana – COVID Package
To overcome the economic impact of coronavirus-induced lockdown on the poor, Prime
Minister Narender Modi, soon after imposition of lockdown on March 24th,2020 announced a
relief of 1.70 lakh crore under the Pradhan Mantri Garib Kalyan Yojana.
Under the scheme, five kilograms of free wheat/rice was provided to more than 80 crore people
– to each member of family – alongwith 1 kg Chana (Gram) per family, per month.
Since its unveiling Rs 50,000 crore has been spent on providing employment opportunities to
the poor under the scheme.
₹500 each to 19.86 crore women Jan Dhan account holders
LPG cylinders to be provided to 8 crore poor families for the next three months free of cost.
₹1,000 for senior citizens to tide over difficulties during next three months.
As of 11 April, ₹28,256 crores($4 billion) were disbursed through PMGKY to nearly 32 crore
beneficiaries.[7]
Rs 50,000-Crore in Garib Kalyan Rojgar Abhiyan For returnee migrant workers
MNREGA
Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act 2005 is
an Indian labour law and social security measure that aims to guarantee
the 'right to work’. This act was passed in September 2005 under the UPA
government of Prime Minister Dr. Manmohan Singh.
The scheme was launched in 1975, discontinued in 1978 by the government of Morarji Desai,
and then relaunched by the Tenth Five Year Plan.
Tenth five year plan also linked ICDS to Anganwadi centres established mainly in rural areas
and staffed with frontline workers.
In addition to fighting malnutrition and ill health, the programme is also intended to
combat gender inequality by providing girls the same resources as boys.
National Old Age Pension Scheme
The scheme was launched by Ministry of Rural Development.
All persons of 65 years and above belonging to below the poverty line category according to
the criteria prescribed by the Government of India time to time, are eligible to be a
beneficiary of the scheme.
A monthly pension of Rs 600 - Rs 1000 depending upon the state share of the pension is
given to the beneficiary.
Annapurna Scheme for Senior Citizens
The Ministry of Rural Development launched the scheme in 2000-2001. Indigent senior
citizens of 65 years of age or above who though eligible for old age pension under the
National Old Age Pension Scheme (NOAPS) but are not getting the pension, are
covered and 10 kgs. of food grains per person per month are supplied free of cost under
the scheme.
From 2002-2003 it has been transferred to State Plan along with the National Social
Assistance Programme comprising the National Old Age Pension Scheme and the
National Family Benefit Scheme.
The funds for the transferred scheme are being released by the Ministry of Finance as
Additional Central Assistance (ACA) to the State Plan and the States have the requisite
flexibility in the choice of beneficiaries and implementation.
The food grains are released to the State Governments on the existing norms at BPL
rates.
National Food Security Mission
National Food Security Mission (NFSM) was launched in 2007-08 to increase the production of
rice, wheat and pulses through
Area expansion and productivity enhancement
Restoring soil fertility and productivity
Creating employment opportunities
Enhancing farm level economy
Coarse cereals were also included in the Mission from 2014-15 under NFSM.
The interventions covered under NFSM include cluster demonstrations on improved package of
practices, demonstrations on cropping system, Seed distribution of high yielding varieties, farm
machineries/resources conservation machineries/tools, efficient water application tools, plant
protection measures, nutrient management/soil ameliorants, cropping system based trainings to
the farmers etc.
The supplementary nutrition programmes envisaged under the National Food Security Act for
pregnant women and lactating mothers and children upto the age of 14 years are operating
smoothly and no proposal to reassess these programmes is under consideration of the Government.
Links
https://dfpd.gov.in/index.htm
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_distribution_system
https://www.drishtiias.com/to-the-points/paper3/public-distribution-system-1
https://
www.jagranjosh.com/general-knowledge/targeted-public-distribution-system-in-india-hist
ory-features-and-criticism-1448019289-1
https://pib.gov.in/PressReleaseIframePage.aspx?PRID=1608345
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Rural_Employment_Guarantee_Act,_2005
http://mdm.nic.in/mdm_website/
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Midday_Meal_Scheme
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Integrated_Child_Development_Services
https://www.oldagesolutions.org/facility/annapurna-scheme/
http://nsap.nic.in/
https://pib.gov.in/PressReleaseIframePage.aspx?PRID=1592269#:~:text=National%20Food%
20Security%20Mission%20(NFSM,iv)%20enhancing%20farm%20level%20economy
.