Int er na t io n a l

Phonetic
Alphabet
(IilPa DAien)i Hanifa
Eisha Sab
2001709/2B2
 What is

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01 IPA?

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International Phonetic
Alphabet (IPA), an alphabet

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developed in the 19th century to
accurately represent the pronunciation
of languages. One aim of the

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International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)
was to provide a unique symbol for
each distinctive sound in a language

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—that is, every sound, or phoneme,
that serves to distinguish one word

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from another.
(Source : britannica.com)
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02 Why do we need

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to study IPA?
Teachers want students to be able
to pronounce words correctly. They

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want students to be able to read, spell,
and memorize English words as
foreign language learners. They want

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students to be able to look up words
in dictionaries to promote learner

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autonomy. They want students to be

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able to develop a feel towards English
through fluent reading.

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 Uses of

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03 IPA 3. The IPA is used in some

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1. The IPA is used in foreign language text books
dictionaries to indicate the and phrase books to transcribe
the sounds of languages

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pronunciation of words.
which was written with Non-
2. The IPA has often been used Latin alphabet. It’s also used

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as a basis for creating new by non-native speakers
writing systems for of English when learning
to speak English.

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previously unwritten
languages.

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Now, let’s try
to read and
produce the
sound of the
following
vowels and
consonants!
IPA Vowels
 FRONT BACK VOWELS
VOWELS IPA ASCII Examples
IPA ASCII Examples
/ɑ/ a: arm, father
/ae/ @ cat, black
/ɔ/ o: call, four
/e/ e met, bed
/ɒ/ o hot, rock
/i:/ i: see, heat
/u:/ u: blue, food
/I/ i hit, sitting /ʊ/ u put, could
 IPA
Consonants
 PLOSIVES
IPA ASCII Examples

/b/ b bad, lab

1. It has no nasal airflow.
/p/ p pet, map

2. The air quickly builds up

/t/ t tea, getting
pressure behind the
articulators and then /d/ d did, lady

releases at the burst. /k/ k cat, back

/g/ g give, flag

 NASALS
IPA ASCII Examples
are created when you
completely block air flow /m/ m man, lemon

through your mouth and let the /n/ n no, ten

air pass through your nose.
/ŋ/ N sing, finger

LATERAL
Created when the tongue blocks
IPA ASCII Examples
the middle of the mouth so that
the air has to pass around the /l/ l leg, little
sides.
 FRICATIVE
S
IPA ASCII Examples
1. Air has to be forced
through a narrow /f/ f find, if

channel. /v/ v voice, five

2. Partial blockage of the /θ/ th think, both

vocal tract. /ð/ TH this, mother

 SIBILANTS
IPA ASCII Examples

/s/ s sun, miss

1.Sounded with a /ʃ/ S she, crash

hissing effect /z/ z zoo, lazy

/ʒ/ Z pleasure, vision

/h/ h how, hello

 APPROXIM
are ANTS
created when two
IPA ASCII Examples

articulators come close together /r/ r red, try

but not quite close enough to /w/ w water, window

create air turbulence.
/j/ j yes, yellow

AFFRICATE
S
Starts with stop with air building
up behind an articulator which
IPA

/tʃ/
ASCII

tS
Examples

check, church
then releases through a narrow
channel as a fricative. /dʒ/ dZ just, large
CONCLUSI
ON
It’s an alphabetic
(IPA)
It’s used in dictionaries
system of phonetic
to indicate the
notation based primarily
pronunciation of the
on the Latin alphabet.
words.

It’s the standard

representation of the
It uses special symbol.
sound of oral language.

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Sources:
Britannica.com English Phonetics &

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https://www.britannica.com/topic/ Phonology for
International-Phonetic-Alphabet Indonesians

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By Soenjono Dardjowidjodjo
Interactive IPA Chart

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https://www.ipachart.com/

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