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Oogenesis: Queenie Vargas

Oogenesis is the process by which female gametes, or eggs, are produced. It occurs in three stages: pre-natal, antral, and pre-ovulatory. During the pre-natal stage, primary oocytes grow while arrested in meiosis I. In the antral stage, follicles develop under hormones and a fluid-filled antrum forms. In the pre-ovulatory stage, meiosis I is completed and a secondary oocyte and polar bodies are formed. Ovulation then occurs, releasing the secondary oocyte, which arrests at metaphase of meiosis II. If fertilization does not occur, the oocyte will degenerate.

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270 views11 pages

Oogenesis: Queenie Vargas

Oogenesis is the process by which female gametes, or eggs, are produced. It occurs in three stages: pre-natal, antral, and pre-ovulatory. During the pre-natal stage, primary oocytes grow while arrested in meiosis I. In the antral stage, follicles develop under hormones and a fluid-filled antrum forms. In the pre-ovulatory stage, meiosis I is completed and a secondary oocyte and polar bodies are formed. Ovulation then occurs, releasing the secondary oocyte, which arrests at metaphase of meiosis II. If fertilization does not occur, the oocyte will degenerate.

Uploaded by

Mariella Monique
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Oogenesis

Queenie Vargas
oogenesis
 The process by which the meiosis
occurs on the testes to produce sperm
cell and occurs on the ovary to
produce female gametes.
 The formation of female gametes.
 The beginning of the egg.
Imagine
Once, after the birds lay eggs, the entire development of an egg until the
transformation of the egg into the chick occurs within the eggs.
Whereas,  in the placental mammals, once the egg is fully developed and
fertilized, it begins to divide and we no more call it as an egg. We need
to recall that every ovum has to be haploid and consist of a single copy
of every chromosome.
PROCESS
Before birth, the steps in oogenesis up to primary oocyte
production occur.

The primary oocytes are not further divided.

They either become or degenerate into secondary oocytes.


Diagram
The process of oogenesis is completed in the following three stages:

Pre – natal stage


The primary oocyte grows while being
arrested in meiosis-I.

The follicular cells proliferate and


form a stratified cuboidal epithelium.

Such cells are known as granulosa cells.


These cells secrete glycoproteins to form
zona pellucida around the primary oocyte.
The process of oogenesis is completed in the following three stages:

Antral stage
The fluid-filled area, present between granulosa
cells, combines to form a central
fluid-filled space called the antrum.

These are known as secondary follicles.


In every month cycle, these secondary
follicles develop under the
influence of follicle-stimulating
hormone and luteinizing hormone.
The process of oogenesis is completed in the following three stages:

Pre – ovulatory stage


This stage is induced by LH surge, and meiosis-I completes here.

Two haploid cells of unequal sizes are formed


within the follicle.

One of the daughter cells that receive less cytoplasm


forms a polar body.

This cell does not participate in ovum formation.


The other daughter cell is known as the secondary oocyte.
The two daughter cells undergo meiosis-II.
The polar body replicates to form two polar
bodies, while the secondary oocyte arrests in the
metaphase stage of meiosis-II.
The process of oogenesis is completed in the following three stages:

Ovulation
Development of oocyte takes place in ovaries. Every oocyte is neighboured by follicle
cells to form a follicle.

As the menstrual cycle starts, primary oocytes initiate to


grow bigger, and follicle cells rise in number, causing
the follicle to grow larger too.

Normally, some nurturing oocytes degenerate and leave


just one follicle to mature. Here, fraternal twins may be
born, which are distinct genetically.

When a follicle attains maturity, the primary oocyte finishes its


primary meiotic division and becomes secondary oocyte.

Soon after, the follicle breaks and secondary oocyte is liberated in


the fallopian tube even when the second meiotic division has not happened.
This release of a secondary oocyte from ovaries is known as ovulation.
The process of oogenesis is completed in the following three stages:

Fertilization

Meiosis-II is completed on fertilization.


This gives off a third polar body.
If the fertilization does not occur, the oocyte
degenerates 24 hours after ovulation while
remaining arrested in meiosis-II cell division.

The major difference between


oogenesis and spermatogenesis is that
oogenesis begins in the fetus prior to birth.
Thank you
for bringing out the best in me !

- Mam Eds

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