EXERCISE 9

DIET RX: 2000 KCAL CHO- 325G PROTEIN- 75G FATS- 44.4G

CHO PRO FATS Meal Distributions

Food exchanges No. of Exchange ENERGY kcal
g g g B L D Sn
I. Veg A 5 15 5 - 80 2 - 2 1
Veg B 5 15 5 - 80 1 2 - 2
II. Fruits 6 60 - - 240 1 2 1 2
III. Milk                  
Whole - - - - - - - - -
Low Fat 2 24 16 10 250 1 - - 1
Non-fat/ Skim/
- - - - - - - - -
Fat-free

IV. Rice                  
A 7 161 - - 644 1 1 1 4
B 1 23 2 - 100 - 1 - -
C 1 23 4 - 108 1 - - -
V. Meat                  
Low fat 3 - 24 3 123 1 - 1 1
Medium fat 3 - 24 18 258 1 1 - 1
High fat - - - - - - - - -
VI. Sugar - - - - - - - - -
VII. Fat 2 - - 10 90 1 - - 1
Total 35 321 80 41 1973 10 7 5 13
 Disease Condition Characteristics
Congestive heart failure occurs
when the heart muscle doesn't
pump blood as well as it should.
When this happens, blood often
backs up and fluid can build up
in the lungs, causing shortness of
breath.
Heart failure can be ongoing
(chronic), or it may start
suddenly (acute).
Heart failure signs and
symptoms may include:
 Shortness of breath with
activity or when lying down
• Fatigue and weakness
• Swelling in the legs, ankles
Congestive and feet
Heart Disease • Rapid or irregular heartbeat
• Reduced ability to exercise
• Persistent cough or wheezing
with white or pink blood-
tinged mucus
• Swelling of the belly area
(abdomen)
• Very rapid weight gain from
fluid buildup
• Nausea and lack of appetite
• Difficulty concentrating or
decreased alertness
• Chest pain if heart failure is
caused by a heart attack
Dietary Management Rationale of Diet
A heart healthy diet is rich in;
Vegetables: all gourds-bitter
gourd, snake gourd, ridge
gourd, bottle gourd, ivy gourd,
ladies finger, tinda,green leafy
vegetables, Spinach, Tomato,
Carrots, Cauliflower, Beans
Fruits: banana, citrus fruits-
orange, grape fruit, lemon;
berries-strawberry, blueberry,
black berry; cranberry,
cherries, papaya, pineapple,
avocado, guava. Nuts & seeds:
chia & flax seeds, almonds,
walnuts
and Whole grains: whole grain
bread, pasta, and rice.
You also need protein in your
diet. Such as the oily fish that
contains omega-3 fatty acids,
which have anti-inflammatory
properties and are good for the
heart.
Fish that are high in omega-3
fatty acids include:
• salmon
• mackerel
• herring
• lake trout
• sardines
• albacore tuna
Limit consumption of sodium
(salt) to less than 1,500
milligrams (1 1/2 grams) each
day. Eat foods high in fiber.
Limit foods high in trans fat,
cholesterol, and sugar. Reduce
total daily intake of calories to
lose weight if necessary.
 
 
Things to avoid include:
• salt (sodium)
• added sugars
• solid fats
• refined grains
 
 
Fruits and vegetables to choose
• Fresh or frozen vegetables
and fruits
• Low-sodium canned
vegetables
• Canned fruit packed in juice
or water
 
Fruits and vegetables to limit
 
• Coconut
• Vegetables with creamy
sauces
• Fried or breaded vegetables
• Canned fruit packed in heavy
syrup
• Frozen fruit with sugar
added
 Sample dinner meal for congestive heart disease
Meal pattern menu Dietary consideration
soup 1 cup Chicken and wild rice soup Choose: part of chicken with less skin.
Avoid: chicken skin intake may increase the
saturated fats in our body.

meat 1 serving/ 150 grams Steamed salmon fish Choose: steaming of salmon helps in utilizing
the fish oil while cooking which is rich in
omega-3
Avoid: fried salmon because it may increase the
fat contents during our meals which is unhealthy
for the client

vegetables 1 cup Broccoli and Spinach salad with apple Choose: Apple cider vinegar is complementing
cider vinegar with the green vegetables because it makes the
nutrients within the vegetable more absorbable
Avoid: salad dressings abundant with salt or
sodium because it may cause fluid retention

rice 1 cup Brown rice Choose: brown rice over white rice because
whole grains like brown rice has lower LDL or
Bad Cholesterol
fruit ½ cup Berries Choose: berries because its more anthocyanin
rich than other fruits which protects to the
development of heart disease
Avoid:

beverages 8 oz Beetroot juice Choose: beetroot is abundant with nitrate which

provides power to muscles needed especially to
those with heart diseases
Avoid: alcohol because it hosts a lot of
alterations in our body such as an increased
blood pressure or stroke.
 EXERCISE 10
DIETS FOR RENAL DISEASE
CHARACTERISTICS AND DIETARY MANAGEMENT OF RENAL CALCULI.

Disease Condition Characteristics Dietary Management Rationale of Diet

     
Definition: Glomerulonephritis is a
group of diseases that injure the
part of the kidney that filters blood
(called glomeruli).
 
Types:
Acute
Chronic
Glomerulonephritis  
  Acute
- Nephritis - Develops suddenly, may be
- Nephrotic syndrome caused by infection in the
throat or skin.
-  
 A diet based on an adequate
Definition : intake of calcium (1000-1200 mg
Renal calculi is hard deposits per day) and containment of
made of minerals and salts that Eat and drink calcium foods
animal protein and salt can
form inside your kidneys. Diet, such as milk, yogurt, and some
decrease significantly urinary
excess body weight, some cheese and oxalate-rich super saturation for calcium
Renal Caculi medical conditions, and certain foods together during a meal. oxalate and reduce the relative
supplements and medications The oxalate and calcium from
  are among the many causes of
the foods are more likely to bind
risk of stone recurrence in
kidney stones. hypercalciuric renal stone
-Nephrolithiasis   to one another in the stomach formers.
-Urolithiasis Types: and intestines before entering
 -calcium oxalate, the kidneys. This will make it
-uric acid less likely that kidney stones will
-struvite form.
-cystine

Definition: A healthy diet for Nephrotic The amount of protein and fluid a
  Nephrotic syndrome is a kidney Syndrome patients consists of low patient with Nephrotic Syndrome
salt, low fat, and low cholesterol, should have depends on the
  disorder that causes your body to
pass too much protein in your with an emphasis on fruits and patient's current condition, age,
vegetables. and weight.
Nephrosis urine. Nephrotic syndrome is
usually caused by damage to the
clusters of small blood vessels in
your kidneys that filter waste and
excess water from your blood.
 Sample dinner meal for renal calculi
Meal pattern menu Dietary consideration
soup 1 cup Chicken noodle soup Chicken noodle soup is made with broth which
is good for renal conditions but we should make
sure that the sodium contents of the soup are
with in the normal range prescribed to the client

meat 1serving/150 grams Meat substitutes or tofu Avoid: Red meat. Red meat produces are rich in
purine which is bad for the clients condition that
is why we opt to give meat substitutes

vegetables 1 cup Brussels sprout salad Choose: Brussels sprouts are rich in potassium
which decreases calcium loss and stops kidney
stones from forming
Avoid: peanuts, rhubarb, beets because they are
rich in oxalate which leads to kidney stones

rice 1 cup White rice Choose: White Rice because it provides energy
and is low in minerals of concern for those with
kidney problems

fruit ½ cup Oranges Choose: Oranges are good for renal calculi
patients because it is rich in citrate which
inhibits stone formation
Avoid: raspberries are high in oxalate.

beverages 8 oz Grapefruit juice Choose: Grapefruits has naturally occurring

citrate which blocks the formation of stones
Avoid: cola because it is high in phosphate
which promotes the formation of kidney stones.
 Exercise 10
Diet Rx: 2000 kcal CHO- 350g Protein- 50g Fats- 44.4g

CHO PRO FATS Meal Distributions

Food exchanges No. of Exchange ENERGY kcal

G g g B L D Sn

I. Veg A 6 18 3 - 96 2 2 1 1
Veg B 6 18 3 - 96 1 1 1 3
II. Fruits 7 70 - - 280 2 2 1 3
III. Milk                  
Whole 2 24 16 20 340 1 - 1 -
Low Fat - - - - - - - - -

Non-fat/ Skim/
- - - - - - - - -
Fat-free

IV. Rice                  
A 6 138 - - 552 1 1 1 3
B 3 69 6 - 300 1 1 - 1
C - - - - - - - - -
V. Meat                  
Low fat 2 - 16 2 82 - 1 1 -

Medium fat 1 - 8 12 86 1 - - -

High fat - - - - - - - - -
VI. Sugar 2 10 - - 40 - - - 2
VII. Fat 2 - - 10 90 1 - - 1
Total   347g 52g 44g 1962kcal 10 8 6 14