Adverbial Clause

MEETING 13
Adverbial Clause
Adverb
• Modifies (gives information) a VERB]
• Answers the question: when? Where? How? Why?
• One-word adverb: yesterday, quickly, however, etc.

Adverbial Clause
• Modifies the verb of the main sentence by showing reason,
condition, time, place, results, etc.
• It has a subject and a verb like all clauses (see next slide)
• It has conjunctions (next two slides) to introduce the clause
Clause vs Phrase
A. Long time ago, in a galaxy far far away, there was
a war between the good Force and the bad Force
B. Long before time exists, there was war between
the good Force and the bad Force.
“A” contains a phrase while “B” contains adverbial
clause
Common conjunctions (1/2)

TIME PLACE MANNER Comparison

• when • where • As • Than
• After • Wherever • As if • As … as
• Before • Anywhere • As though
• As soon as • everywhere
• By the time
• Once
 Common conjunctions (2/2)

REASON PURPOSE RESULT CONDITION CONTRAST

• Because • So that • So… that • If • Although
Although
• As • In order that • Such as… that • Unless
Unless • While
While
• since • In case • Provided that
that • Whereas
Whereas
• So/as long as • Whatever
Whatever
• Whenever
Whenever
• wherever
wherever
 1. Adverb Clauses of Time
• An adverb of time states when
something happens or how often.
• An adverb of time often starts
with one of the following
subordinating conjunction :
after, as, as long as, as soon as,
before, since, until, when, or
while.
Examples of Adverbial Clauses of
Time
1. After she graduates, she will get a job.
List of adverb
clauses of time 2. I will leave before he comes.
1. After 3. When I arrived, he was talking on
the phone.
2. Before
4. While I was walking home, it began to
3. When rain.
4. While 5. I haven’t seen him since he left this
5. Since morning.
6. Until 6. We stayed there until we finished our
work.
7. Once
7. We will go to the canteen once this class
8. Whenever is over.
8. Whenever I see her, I say hello
2. Adverb Clauses of Place
An adverbial place clause tells where the
action described by the main verb takes
place.
An adverb of place often starts with a
preposition (e.g., in, on, near) for
adverbial phrase or one of the following
subordinating conjunctions for adverbial
clause: anywhere, everywhere, where, or
wherever.
 Example :
List Adverb
clauses of  Young people have to go
Place : where they can find jobs.
 Everywhere  Everywhere we went,
 Where people greeted us warmly.
 Wherever  She is always drunk
wherever I meet her.
 3. Adverb Clauses of
Manner
An adverb of manner states how something is done.
An adverb of manner often starts with one of the following
subordinating conjunctions: as, as if, as though, like, how and the
way
- I was never allowed to do things as
I wanted to do them.
- I wonder how I learn grammar
ineffectively for almost fifteen
years.
- We sometimes do not realize the
way God help us.
- He strode through the garden as if
he owned the world
4. Adverb Clauses of Comparison
An adverb of comparison clause
compares the verb of the main sentence.
An adverb of comparison often starts
with a subordinating conjunctions: as, as
far as, as much as, as well as, else,
otherwise, rather.
 Example of adverb clause of
comparison :

1. Are cats more independent than dogs (are)?

2. As far as my laptop is concerned, yes (I need it)
3. You can eat as much as you want
4. She can play the piano as well as Beethoven (play)
5. Give me the money, otherwise, you will lose your life
6. He prefers to lie rather than lose his job.
5. Adverb Clauses of Reason
• An adverb of reason offers a
reason for the main idea.
• An adverb of reason often starts
with one of the following
subordinating conjunctions:
since, as, because, for.
 Example
:
1. I couldn’t come to your party because I was rather
sick.
2. The car crashed because the driver was careless.
3. Since this is a library research, all sources are taken
from libraries.
4. As this is the beginning of the football season,
there are bound to be large crowds at the match.
5. As women were not supposed to be novelist, she
took the name George Eliot.
6. The manager dismissed Mary, for she was very
lazy.
6. Adverb Clauses of
Purpose/Result
• An adverb of purpose provides a
purpose for the main idea.
• An adverb of purpose often
starts with one of the following
subordinating conjunctions: that,
in order that, so that, such that.
 Example
:
1. She raised her hand so that he could see her
2. It rained so hard that the gutters backed up
7. Adverb Clauses of
Condition
adverb of condition states the condition for the
main idea to come into effect.
An adverb of condition often starts with if,
unless, only if, even if, whether or not.
 Example
:
 If it rains, we will not go out.
 She will come if you invite her.
She will take this medicine
whether she likes it or not.
Even if they lose by five goals, people
will still love them.
Unless you love me, I will commit
suicide.
8. Adverb of Concession/Contrast
Used to express ideas or actions that
are not expected (contradictive with
the fact).
 • Example :
• Although
1. Although he is small, he is
• Though very strong.
• Even though 2. No matter how smart they
• Even if are, they are required to do
• While the revision.
• Whereas 3. Even though the weather
was cold, I went swimming.
• No matter
4. In Britain the hottest month
of the year is July, whereas
in Australia it is usually the
coldest.
What should you
know?
The meaning and use of the
conjunction
1. People eat nutritious food. They will keep healthy.
(because, while, so that)
2. We should always wash our hands and mouth . We eat
our food. (so that, before, where)
3. A computer virus has totally wiped out my hard drive. I
did not renew my subscription to my virus protection
program. (because, so that, when)