DOMAIN AND RANGE

OF FUNCTIONS
OBJECTIVES:
• define domain and range of a function;
and
• determine the domain and range of a
function
 DEFINITION: Domain and Range
All the possible values of x is called the domain and all
the possible values of y is called the range. In a set
of ordered pairs, the set of first elements and second
elements of ordered pairs is the domain and range,
respectively.

Example: Identify the domain and range of the

following functions.
1.) S = { ( 4, 7 ),( 5, 8 ),( 6, 9 ),( 7, 10 ),( 8, 11 ) }

Answer : D: { 4,5,6,7,8} R:{7,8,9,10,11}

2.) S = { ( x , y ) s. t. y = | x | ; x  R }
Answer: D: all real nos. R: all real nos. > 0
(,) [0,)
3) y=x2 –5
Answer. D: all real nos. R: all real nos. > -5
(,) [5,)
 Answer:
2x D: all real nos. except -2
4. y 
x2
R: all real nos. except 2
D : (,)except  2 R : (,)except  2

Answer :
5. y  x 1 D: all real nos. > –1
R: all real nos. > 0
D : [1,) R : [0,)
Answer:
3x
6. y  D: all real nos. <3
x3 R: all real nos. <0
D : (,3) R :    ,0 
From the above examples, you can draw conclusions and
formulate the following theorems on the domain
determination of functions.
Theorem 1. The domain of a polynomial function is the set
of all real numbers or (-, +).
Theorem 2. The domain of f ( x ) is the set of all real
n

numbers satisfying the inequality f(x)  0 if n is even integer

and the set of all real numbers if n is odd integer.
Theorem 3. A rational function f is a ratio of two polynomials:

The domain of a rational function consists of all values of x

such that the denominator is not equal toP(zero
x)
f (x) 
Q( x )
 KINDS OF FUNCTIONS:
1.An algebraic function is the result when the
constant function, (f(x) = k, k is constant) and the
identity function (g(x) = x) are put together by
using a combination of any four operations, that is,
addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, and
raising to powers and extraction of roots.
x
Example: f(x) = 5x – 4, g( x )  2
2x 7 x  4
Generally, functions which are not classified as
algebraic function are considered as transcendental
functions namely the exponential, logarithmic,
trigonometric, inverse trigonometric, hyperbolic and
inverse hyperbolic functions.